Cardiac involvement was assessed in 14 patients with Ribbing's disease, a rare hereditary sclerosing bone dysplasia. When compared to age-, sex- and blood pressure-matched controls, the patients with Ribbing's disease had significant alterations in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function and an impaired exercise tolerance. Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias also tended to be more frequent in these patients than in controls. In conclusion, Ribbing's disease, initially described as a skeletal disease only, also involves the cardiovascular system. Despite its rarity, the expression of the disease is easily followed and identification of the genetic defect could shed some new light on the pathophysiological mechanisms linking hypertension, myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction.
The European Union actively promotes methods of alternative dispute resolution (“ADR”), such as mediation. The Mediation Directive is applied in all EU countries and it refers to mediation in civil and commercial matters. Encouraging the use of mediation facilitates the resolution of disputes, and it helps to avoid the worry, time and cost associated with court-based litigation. This way, it enables citizens to secure their legal rights in an efficient way. Keywords: alternative dispute resolution, the Mediation Directive, judicial and extra-judicial mediation
This article provides an overview of the results of a survey on the quality of social dialogue in the implementation of occupational health and safety law in the Republic of Croatia. The survey was carried out within the EU project Occupational Health and Safety - an Opportunity and a Challenge in Social Dialogue together with the Independent Trade Union of Food and Beverage Manufacturers from Kutjevo as project leader. The effective realisation of occupational health and safety objectives requires properly-conducted social dialogue on all issues related to the health and safety of workers as well as an understanding of the role and obligations of employees’ elected safety reps, authorised OHS officers, OHS specialists and shop stewards. The results of the survey point to the conclusion that additional activities directed at education and awareness must be implemented in order to contribute to strengthening and improving the social dialogue. Consequently, a set of programme guidelines have been proposed in this direction, applying to trade union federations and confederations at all levels.
Načela radnog prava, a time i prava sigurnosti na radu i zaštite zdravlja radnika na radu, temelj su pravnim vrelima koja uređuju pitanja i odnose u tom području. Uz univerzalne pravne norme, posebnu ulogu imaju pravni propisi koji čine europsko pravo zaštite na radu (primarnog i sekundarnog karaktera) kao dio pravne stečevine EU-a (acquis communautaire ). Kao zakonodavac u EU tu su Europski parlament i Vijeće EU-a (dok pravo zakonodavne inicijative „pripada“ Europskoj komisiji) što je osobito istaknuto u sekundarnim vrelima prava (direktivama, uredbama, odlukama i sporazumima). Obveze države članice EU-a su da „preuzme“ određene direktive u svoj pravni sustav i da „ostvari cilj zadan direktivama“. Pri tome su načela ispred pravne norme, u pravnoj normi i u primjeni (i zaštiti) pravne norme. Uvijek, u stvaranju, primjeni i zaštiti pravne norme (u hipotezi, dispoziciji i sankciji) „stoji“ načelo. To se u svemu odnosi i na zakonodavstvo EU-a i na nacionalno zakonodavstvo o zaštiti na radu. Temeljna načela „postavila„ je Direktiva 1989/391/EEC, koja su prenesena u brojne („pojedinačne“) direktive („kćeri“) i druge kojima se uređuje zaštita na radu (specifične mjere, sredstva, djelatnosti, aktivnosti i drugo). U sadržaju ovog rada posebni dio odnosi se na usklađenost zakonodavstva Republike Hrvatske s direktivama EU-a u području zaštite na radu.
Određena tijela u Europskoj uniji nastoje odrediti povezanost bolesti COVID-19 s radnim mjestom i/ili određenom gospodarskom djelatnošću. Veoma složeno (interdisciplinarno) pitanje i odnos je priznavanje (s aspekta zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu) COVID -19 profesionalnog podrijetla, kao: same profesionalne bolesti, samo ozljede na radu, ozljede na radu ili profesionalne bolesti (prema nacionalnim kriterijima pojedinih država) te bez točne (preciznije) odrednice radi li se o profesionalnoj bolesti ili ozljedi na radu, bez obzira što je „profesionalnog podrijetla“. Stavovi i rješenja u pojedinim državama članicama EU-a različita su. Pored zdravstvenih, i drugi radnici (u različitim djelatnostima) izloženi su riziku od zaraze SARS CoV-2 virusom i obolijevanju od COVID-19 bolesti (više ili manje rizične kategorije). U pitanju je profesionalni rad i visokorizične profesije prema epidemiološkim, kliničkim, anamnestičkim i posrednim dokazima. Bitna je profesionalna izloženost navedenom riziku. Dokazi moraju biti nedvojbeni i specifičniji od onih koji „dokumentiraju“ ozljedu na radu ili drugu bolest u vezi s radom (klinička manifestacija bolesti, laboratorijski, higijenski i drugi pregledi, ozbiljne komplikacije, specifični simptomi, trajanje simptoma, intenzitet i drugi dijagnostički postupci). Postupak je složen (po subjektima, radnicima i rokovima), a propisan je heterogenim normama države. Snagom svojeg organiziranja i postupanja, a u skladu s evidentnom situacijom u pandemiji bolesti COVID-19 odnosno SARS CoV-2 virusom, EU treba utvrditi jedinstvene („zajedničke“) kriterije za priznavanje COVID-19 bolesti profesionalnom bolešću. To je ujedno i sadržaj ovog rada.
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