This paper examined the possible breading space of tsetse flies in Ikom Local Governement Area and it's environs in Cross River State, Nigeria, using remote sensing and geographic information system techniques. The study used supervised classification techniques with maximum likelihood algorithms to classify the satellite imagery in to four categories as vegetation-agriculture, water bodies, built-up lands, and other land uses and digitized all the rivers on the imagery as polylines. A buffer operation of 1km away from the digitized area was done; an overlaid analysis was carried out on the buffered operation and the classified image, so as to analyze the probability of breeding of the tsetse flies on each parcel of land. The study grouped the possible breeding sites of the tsetse flies into three; most probable, moderately probable and less probable breeding space. Result of the findings reveals that 48.496 Hectares (24.64 %) is most probable for tsetse flies to breed on, 107.54 hectares (54.24 %) is moderately probable, and 42.231 Hectares (21.3 %) is less probable. Based on the findings of the study it's apparent that Ikom Local Governement Area and it's environs provide a good breeding space and habitat for tsetse flies, it becomes imperative for all stakeholders in the control and eradication of tsetse flies, to work towards its total eradication in the area.

This study assessed the land-use and land-cover changes of Kaduna South LGA, Kaduna State within the period of 30 years (1987 to 2016). Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System approach was employed in the study, where Landsat 5, 7, and 8 series images of 1987, 2001, and 2016 were classified into four categories; built-up, agricultural, vegetation, and water-body. The classification results, after accuracy assessment, provided the LULC makeup statistics at each epoch. The image classification results were crossed to ascertain the transitions between the study epochs. ERDAS Imagine 14.0 was used for the image bands combination, subset, classification and accuracy assessment while the analysis, manipulation and presentation were executed in ArcMap 10.3. The study revealed that the built-up land increased from 26.71% in 1987 to 59.41% in 2016, while agricultural land decreased from 44.14% to 11.56% in 2016. Water-body increased from 0.77% to 0.78% over the period. Also observed that vegetation increased from 28.38% to 31.36%, and then decreased to 28.25% in 2016. Therefore, the study recommends that land use/land cover change studies should be carried out and updated annually as it forms a basis for planning and decision making towards environmental sustainability.

Over the years, Nigeria as a Nation has been witnessing serious unrest characterized by the ethnic, political, farmer's-herder's conflict and activities of the insurgency. The north eastern geopolitical zone of Nigeria was not left out of the activities. The activities of the Boko Haram insurgents has led to over ten thousand people losing their life and properties making many homeless. The paper is aimed at providing a comprehensive data and show the spatial distribution of activities of Boko Haram insurgency in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe States between 2009 and 2017. The paper utilizes secondary data from Armed Conflict Data (ACLED), printed materials, newspaper records, journals, and security agencies records. The method of analysis utilized in the study is Geographical Information System (GIS) approach using ArcGIS software and graphs to indicate the activities of the insurgency. The finding of the research shows that Borno State has the highest occurrence of insurgency and Yobe State recorded the lowest. The study concludes that the activities of the insurgents are more at the northern part and along the international boundaries. ABSTRACT AJGRR: https://escipub.com/american-journal-of-geographical-research-and-reviews/ 1

Good environmental sanitation is a precondition for good health and success in the fight against poverty, hunger and death. It is also central to the human rights and personal dignity of every human being. The study adopted direct field observation, it involved interview and physical assessment. Results were presented in tables and charts, while data analyses were carried using simple percentages and frequencies. The results of findings showed that well/boreholes is a major source of water (75.5%). Also, 13.7% washed toilets daily, while 55.8% washed toilets on alternate days. The study revealed that the dumping of refuse on roadside/open spaces has impacted the environment negatively, some of these impacts are physical nuisance of the solid wastes to the environment, the dumpsites serve as hideouts to rats and other dangerous insects and it emit offensive odor. The study recommended that refuse can be collected regularly to avoid pollution, and there is a need for proper environmental sanitation awareness to educate people on the importance of a clean environment.

This paper was aimed at providing the pollution status of Jabi Lake, FCT Abuja. 13 parameters were tested from raw water collected four sampling points. The physicochemical parameters were measured using Hanna multiparametric meter, while transparency was measured using Secchi disc. Dissolved oxygen, Biological and Chemical oxygen demand were measured titrimetrically using standard method. The concentrations of the metals were determined in triplicates. Flame atomic absorption spectrometer was used in the analysis as well as descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and standard error. The Nigerian Industrial Standard and WHO guidelines for domestic water were used to compare the results of the water from the lake. The study reveals that the mean turbidity ranged between 21.6 – 24.2cm and is above the recommended limits of both WHO and NIS. The range of pH was between 6.3 and 8.8. pH is within a neutral range. The study reveals that the mean value of TDS and electrical conductivity is below the recommended limit of both WHO and NIS guidelines. The study shows that there is high concentration of some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn, and Fe) in Jabi Lake. Cd, Zn, Fe and Ni are above the permissible limits of the NIS and WHO guidelines, which is an indication of pollution. The study, therefore, recommends that proactive measures be taken on environmental laws in FCT and that environmental/health worker and non-governmental bodies be active in enlightenment campaigns that will alert members of the public to the harm being caused to this important ecosystem.