Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the presence of plastic in the water of Ukraine and the world, as well as to suggest the methods for purifying water from plastic on the basis of the world and personal experience. Methodology. The studies were carried out on the basis of the analysis of scholarly domestic and foreign literature sources on the presence of plastic in the water of Ukraine, European countries, and the USA (1999–2018). Findings. The analyzed sources indicate that one of the main environmental threats of global scale is the presence of plastic in drinking and waste waters. The wastewater treatment facilities of the world are not sufficiently adapted to detect and trap plastic. The authors present the results of a comprehensive consideration of the issues related to the determination of the presence of plastic in various waters, their size and concentrations, and manufacturing materials. Plastic, entering the body of people, especially children, animals, sea fish, etc., has a negative influence on their health. Studies have been conducted to determine the content of plastic in drinking tap water in the cities of Dnipro and Zaporozhye. For example, drinking water from the tap contains from 4 to 10 particles of plastic per liter of water, the size of which exceeded 100 microns, that is, the average thickness of a human hair. And in bottled water of well-known trademarks «Morshinska» and «Buvette» contains from 49 to 102 particles of plastic per liter of water. Originality. The paper summarizes the existing and presents new methods and technologies for cleaning water from plastic, such as: filtering on various facilities (mechanical methods), flotation, membranous and reverse-osmotic systems, membrane bioreactors (physical-chemical and combined methods). As a second way to reduce the amount of plastic in water, it is proposed to create biodegradable plastics or prohibit their manufacture. Practical value. Given the prevalence of bottled water consumption worldwide, the results of this study confirm the need for further research on the effects of micro and nanoplastics on human health.

Наука та прогрес транспорту. Вісник Дніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2020, № 2 (86) Creative Commons Attribution 4.

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to develop a technology for water purification from residues of oilfat-cream containing drugs, in particular technology and a technological scheme for purifying urban (municipal) wastewater from plastics and residues of drugs. Methodology. The studies were carried out based on the analysis of scientific sources and reporting data on the availability of drugs and plastics in the water of Ukraine, European countries, and the USA. Findings. The authors present the results of a comprehensive review of issues related to the determination of the availability of drugs in various waters, their concentrations and the most dangerous drugstoxicants. Medicines and plastics can accumulate not only in humans and animals, but also in sea and river fish, etc. The presence of drugs and plastic in the body can have a negative impact on the health. The treatment facilities in Ukraine and the world are not sufficiently adapted for the detection of drugs and plastics and their purification. Originality. The authors of this material conducted studies to determine the content of plastic in drinking tap water in Dnipro and Zaporizhzhia cities. Drinking water from the tap contains less plastic particles than bottled water of the famous Ukrainian trade brands. The work developed technological schemes for the purification of industrial wastewater from pharmaceutical enterprises for the manufacture of creams, ointments, oils and other products for treatment and cosmetic purposes. Structures and methods for purifying water from these pollutants have been proposed, which had not been previously used at water purification stations, but successfully apply in other industries. Practical value. The use of environmentally efficient technologies in Ukraine will allow obtaining high-quality drinking water, but it will require re-equipment and reconstruction of water treatment plants. Major funding should be provided by corresponding articles. Currently, in Ukraine (even in Kyiv) there are no stations for the purification of drinking and waste waters, which would use modern technologies and facilities, but high-quality water is the health and life of people. Keywords: wastewater treatment; drinking water treatment; plastic in wastewater and drinking water; drugs in wastewater; new sources of drinking water; technological scheme for water purification; concentration of hazardous drugs in water Наука та прогрес транспорту. Вісник Дніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2019, № 4 (82) ЕКОЛОГІЯ ТА ПРОМИСЛОВА БЕЗПЕКА Creative Commons Attribution 4.