The present study investigated diurnal or daily activity patterns of an individual captive lion (Panthera leo) in Siantar Zoo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Behavioral observations of 70 hours in 10-days observation were analyzed descriptively for common Felidae behaviors identified using a standardized Felidae ethogram. The methodology used was focal animal sampling with continuous sampling of data record or 5-minute sampling periods. We reported that the captive lion allocated the most time budgets in inactive behavior or sleeping with the percentage of 62.88% or 2,604 minutes. Incidence of pacing as stereotypic behavior was documented in low percentage or 4.46% within the duration of or 189 minutes in our study. The dominant sleeping behavior may be considered as normal to captive Felidae in many zoos while some consideration upon their effect to visitor may be evaluated in the future study. Dynamic condition of display cage may be enriched to trigger better behavior related to welfare implications on the captive lion.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a cumulation of plaque in the heart arteries that can cause heart attacks. CHD is one of the main and rst causes of death in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. It is estimated that throughout the world, CHD in 2020 became the rst most frequent killer of 36% of all deaths, twice as high as cancer deaths. Currently Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) is a prognostic marker of death and reinfarction in patients with patients Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and there is a relationship of GGT with the prognosis of CAD patients undergoing angiography. Methods: The study was conducted by cross sectional method. The study subjects were 60 male and female CHD patients who were treated and treated at the hospital in the Department of Cardiology FK-USU / H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan, which was enforced by history, physical examination, angiography and laboratory and underwent coronary angiography. GGT examination uses Architect c8000. Results: A total of 60 CHD patients in this study found that GGT values were greater in the ≥70% group compared with occlusions <70% with p = 0.003. Conclusions: This study showed a signicant difference in the values of GGT with occlusion ≥70% and <70% occlusion.

To find out the level of carbon monoxide gas emission in motor vehicles, we need a tool that can measure these conditions. So in this study made a measuring tool for carbon monoxide gas emission levels in motor vehicles. This measurement tool uses the TGS 2442 sensor. While Arduino Uno as a microcontroller and signal processor, and Android smartphone as a data viewer. Based on the sensor testing obtained, the graphs obtained linear equations when measuring carbon monoxide levels in BK 6776 PAN cars y_reg = 38.436-0.0641x with standard deviation values (δ) = 10.816, uncertainty values of measurement results (UA_1) = 6.245 and uncertainty values regression approach UA_2 = 1.02 and on vehicles with BK 6281 AAG y_reg = -3371 + 1.03x with a standard deviation value (δ) = 157.25, the uncertainty value of the measurement results (UA_1) = 90.788 and the uncertainty value of the UA_2 regression approach = 28185.05 and on vehicles BK 3181 MAM y_reg = -24.48 + 0.001x with a standard deviation value (δ) = 99.168, the uncertainty value of the measurement results (UA_1) = 57.255 and the uncertainty value of the regression approach UA_2 = 3824.05. Retrieval of data on the measuring instrument that the standard deviation value at 10 seconds is 2375.32, at 12 seconds is 3318.42, and at 15 seconds is 2639,813. The measurement uncertainty value at 10 seconds is 1371.39, at 12 seconds is 1915.89 and at 15 seconds is 1524.1