Oxidation decreases consumer acceptability of food by changing its organoleptic properties, destroying essential nutrients and producing toxic compounds. Antioxidants delay oxidation of lipids in foods as well in human systems. Studies reveal that synthetic antioxidants may trigger diseases in human when consumed over a certain concentration. The toxicological effects of synthetic food antioxidants have been the focus of controversy in recent years. There is scope to use natural antioxidants, present in many components of food and plant sources, as a preservative. In this review different synthetic and natural antioxidants present in various foods, reactions with food and the biological system, extraction techniques and their pitfalls as well as legal implication are discussed.

Barley is primarily a cereal grain crop grown in rabi season and widely used for food, fodder and in beer industry. Dual purpose barley provides quality fodder as well as grain. Cutting at early stage at about 50-55 days after sowing, provides good quality of fodder particularly in lean period (mid December to mid January) for feeding to the animals. After harvesting for fodder, the regenerated crop left for grain production without sacrificing the grain yield with similar management as grain crop. For dual purpose barley need to evaluate the cultivars, optimum sowing time and stage of harvesting is a critical issue for production of good quality fodder as well as grain. Hence in this review article it has been emphasized for production of quality fodder and grain as influenced by date of sowing, dual barley variety used as suitable cultivars, and appropriate stage of harvesting which had been revealed and cited by different scientists, workers and co-workers.

Moringa oleifera tree is referred to as a miracle tree due to its rich source of certain macro and micro nutrients of great importance in human nutrition. There is considerable variation among nutritional values of moringa, which depends on factors like genetic background, environment and cultivation methods. The plant is proven with tremendous medicinal properties. moringa has been described as one of the most amazing trees God has created. Almost every part of the moringa tree, viz. fruit, flower, seed, bark, root and gum is a rich repository of proteins, vitamins and minerals including potassium, calcium, phosphorous, iron, folic acid as well as b-carotene.The review covers health benefits of moringa as well as technology of post-harvest handling and processing of moringa for utilization in value added products.

An experiment was carried out on loamy sand soil of Bidi tobacco Research Station Farm, AAU, Anand to evaluate the effect of organic manures (farmyard manure, vermi-compost, poultry manure, neem cake and castor cake) on growth and green pod yield of cowpea during summer season of 2013-14 in randomized block design with four replication. Application of recommended dose of fertilizer 20-40-0 NPK kg ha -1 recorded significantly higher green pod, stover yield and yield contributing characters viz., number of green pods plant -1 , number of seeds pod -1 over different organic sources; However, application of 2 t ha -1 vermicompost was at par with RDF. The plant population per meter row length at 25 DAS and at final picking and number of branches plant -1 and plant height at 30 DAS showed no significant difference between different treatments, but at 60 DAS and at final picking significantly higher plant height was observed due to use of RDF 20-40-0 NPK kg ha -1 .

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season 2008 and 2009 to find out response of clusterbean to various growth regulators. The experiment was laid out under spit plot design where four varieties (RGC-936, RGC-1002, RGC-1003 AND RGC- 1017 are taken as main plot treatment and seven growth substance (control, seed treatment with thiourea 500 ppm, foliar application of thiourea 500 ppm, seed+foliar application of thiourea 500 ppm, seed treatment with TGA 100ppm, foliar application of TGA 100 ppm and seed+foliar application of TGA 100ppm) as sub plot treatment and with three replications. Application of seed + foliar application with thiourea 500ppm on yield attributes viz., pods plant-1, seeds pod-1 , weight of seeds pod-1, test weight, seed yield plant-1 showed significant increase i.e. 24.88g, 6.97g, 0.187g, 26.82g, 5.04g on pooled basis. The results revealed that the variety RGC-936 gave significantly higher number of pods per plant (24.85.00), seeds per pod (6.67), weight of seed per pod (0.179 g), test weight (26.09 g), and seed yield per plant (4.67 g). Seed+foliar application of thiourea 500ppm recorded significant improvement in yield and yield attributes on the pooled basis. The maximum net returns (Rs.2873/-) and B:C ratio (3.82) were recorded with the variety RGC-936.