KEYWORDSGastrocnemius muscle; Ultrasonography; Tennis leg.Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of rupture of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, also called ''tennis leg'' (TL). Materials and methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients with acute traumatic injury of the calf underwent US examination. There were 25 men and 10 women; mean age 47.5 years (range 35e60 years). All examinations were performed using a 5e12 MHz broadband electronic linear array probe. Results: Thirty-three out of 35 patients had TL; 24 cases of partial rupture and nine cases of complete rupture were diagnosed. In the remaining two cases, both with symptoms suggesting TL, one patient had a tear of the proximal musculotendinous junction and one had a ruptured Baker's cyst. Fluid collections caused by the muscular rupture were visible as hypoechoic areas; in 80% of cases associated by a hyperechoic oval area due to hematoma and local inflammation. The degree of fluid collection in the patients with complete rupture (6e16 mm; mean: 9.7 mm) was significantly greater than the one seen in patients with partial rupture (4e8 mm; mean: 6.8 mm). Conclusions: US is the imaging modality of choice in clinical suspicion of TL, both in the initial workup of the patient and in the follow-up. US is easy to perform and is particularly useful to distinguish TL from other pathologies, especially ruptured Baker's cyst and deep vein thrombosis, which require a different therapeutic management.Sommario Scopo: L'obiettivo di tale studio è dimostrare l'accuratezza diagnostica dell'ecografia nella diagnosi della rottura del ventre mediale del muscolo gastrocnemio (Tennis Leg). Materiali e metodi: Sono stati valutati con esame ecografico 35 pazienti (25 uomini e 10 donne, con un range di età tra i 35 e i 60 anni ed età media di 47,5 anni) con danno acuto traumatico del polpaccio. Gli esami sono stati effettuati usando una sonda elettronica lineare a banda larga da 5e12 MHz. Risultati: Trentatre dei 35 pazienti presentavano una rottura del ventre mediale del muscolo gastrocnemio (TL): 24 rotture parziali e 9 rotture complete. Nei rimanenti due casi, entrambi con sintomi clinici suggestivi di Tennis Leg, sono stati diagnosticati strappo della giunzione prossimale muscolo-tendinea e rottura di una cisti di Baker. La raccolta fluida, conseguenza della rottura muscolare, si presentava come una zona ipoecogena, con area iperecogena ovalare nel contesto, riferibile a ematoma e alla flogosi locale. L'entità della raccolta fluida nei pazienti con rottura completa (6e16 mm; media: 9.7) era significativamente superiore rispetto ai pazienti con rottura parziale (4e8 mm; media: 6.8).Conclusioni: L'ecografia è l'indagine di prima scelta nel sospetto clinico di rottura del ventre mediale del muscolo gastrocnemio, non solo per la rapidità di esecuzione e per il follow-up, ma soprattutto per la possibilità di fare diagnosi differenziale con altre patologie, prime tra tutte la rottura di ci...
Air-contrast MDCT arthrography is fast, reproducible, well tolerated and very accurate in the evaluation of lesions causing shoulder instability.
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