Background: More than a decade ago, the city of Philadelphia began allowing police transport of penetrating trauma patients.

Argonne National Laborato~has developed a ceramic waste form to immobilize radioactive waste salt produced during the electrometallurgical treatment of spent fiel. This study presents the first results from electron microscopy and durability testing of a ceramic waste form produced from that radioactive electrorefiner salt. The waste form consists of two primary phases: sodalite and glass. The sodalite phase appears to incorporate most of the alkali and alkaline earth fission products. Other fission products (rare earths and yttrium) tend to form a separate phase and are fi-equently associated with the actinides, which form mixed oxides. Seven-day leach test results are also presented. .

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The effect of zirconium on internal friction in columbium was investigated over the frequency range of 0.5 to 10 cps. An entirely new peak was observed which was attributed to the diffusion of oxygen in the vicinity of zirconium atoms. The normal columbium oxygen peak was not observed until approximately 0.14 wt% oxygen was added to the specimens. The normal columbium-nitrogen peak was readily observed, but a zirconium-nitrogen peak was not observed until oxygen concentration was reduced below 0.1 wt%. These observations are explained on the basis of a strong attraction between zirconium and oxygen atoms. As a preliminary to this investigation, the diffusivity of zirconium in columbium at 1930°C was determined. A value for D0 and the activation energy were calculated so that the diffusivity at any temperature could be obtained from the expressionD=0.57 exp 87 000/RT.