Background. Glaucoma is one of the main causes of disability and blindness in the ICD -X class of Diseases of the eye and its appendage. Purpose. Study of the dynamics of primary and general disability due to glaucoma among the adult population of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Tashkent city for the period from 2010 to 2019. Material and Methods. A retrospective study of the data of the Medical and Social ServiceAgency under the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2010 to 2019 on the number of disabled people among the adult population diagnosed with glaucoma in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Tashkent was realized. Intensive and extensive indicators, dynamics and structure of general and primary disability were calculated, average period indicators were determined, regressive analysis was accomplished and a forecast of the development of the situation for the coming years was given. Results. For the period from 2010 to 2019 years, 6842 people were recognized as disabled people in Uzbekistan for the first time in the Republic, while 58544 disabled people with this pathology were registered in the country during the study period. Of these, 57338 people (97.9±0.07%) individuals were with open-angle and closed-angle forms of glaucoma. During the study period, primary disability in glaucoma both in Uzbekistan and in Tashkent city has increased almost 2 times, the indicators of General disability are more stable, but also tend to increase. Conclusion. Analysis of the level and dynamic of primary and general disability due to glaucoma among the adult population of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Tashkent city for the period from 2010 to 2019 years showed a significant increase.

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The article presents a comparative analysis of data from patients with stage II and III keratoconus (40 patients, 40 eyes) after implantation of intrastromal corneal segments with femtosecond laser and with manual implantation of ICRS. The refractive results gave comparatively similar vision patterns. The advantage of the femtosecond laser was the technical simplicity of the operation. Keywords: keratoconus, intrastromal corneal segments, femtosecond laser

Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of visual disability and irreversible blindness worldwide, and significantly affects quality of life. An improvement in the early diagnosis and prevention of primary glaucoma has a special value due to increasing social significance of the disease. Purpose: To investigate the value of the factors affecting vascular endothelium (oxidative stress, complement components and blood lipid profile) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Material and Methods: Ninety two patients (age, 65 to 80 years) with POAG and 30 controls (somatically healthy individuals of a similar age and no known eye disease) were included in the study. They underwent an eye examination including visual acuity, Maklakoff tonometry, non-contact tonometry, biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, and pachymetry. Plasma lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity levels, blood lipid composition and blood C3 and C5a levels were assessed. Results: Blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with POAG were 87% higher compared to controls. Blood C3 levels in patients with POAG were 18% higher compared to controls. The C5a complement is a multicomponent plasma enzyme system that exhibits lysis and opsonization functions during activation. Blood C5a levels were 6 times higher in patients with POAG than in controls (13.86 ± 0.44 mg/scale division versus 2.33 ± 0.11 mg/scale division). Conclusion: Increased C5a activity, hypersecretion of active oxygen species (in the presence of insufficiently efficacious antioxidant system of blood), and increased atherogenic plasma index (in the presence of low levels of high-density lipoproteins) are a mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in POAG. We found an imbalance between the prooxidant and antioxidant systems, abnormal composition of blood lipids (e.g., hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) and elevated C5a levels in patients with POAG.

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