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Substantiation of sustainable development of the country's economy should be based on following the principle of regional differentiation in the planning and implementation of management decisions at the meso-level. The principle postulates the need to take into account territorial differences in the development of the structural elements of the economic system. The authors suggest assessing the differences on the basis of clustering of regions by the level of investment attractiveness. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the methodological approach to the assessment of the investment climate in the region. The paper analyzes the criteria for assessing the social and economic situation of the regions, the methodology for rating the regions is proposed, and the factors of investment attractiveness are investigated. According to the proposed methodology, the investment attractiveness of the regions of Russia and the Republic of Abkhazia was assessed.

The article deals with the issue of methods for overcoming economic constraints in the long term on the example of the Islamic Republic of Iran. A comparative analysis is made, proving the similarity of the dynamics of macroeconomic foreign trade indicators of Russia and Iran at the time of the introduction of economic restrictions by a number of Western countries. The main directions of economic restrictions against Russia are systematized. Consideration of the Iranian experience of circumventing economic restrictions largely consists in the study of mechanisms that are relevant for sanctions against the Russian Federation in 2022. The conclusion is made about the applicability of these methods in Russian realities.