Physical measurements of the transfer function from a free−field sound source to a microphone in the subject’s ear canal indicate that there are two independent localization cues generated by the pinna. For sound sources in the vertical median plane, there is a systematic change in the frequency response as a function of elevation angle, and a disparity between the left−ear and right−ear responses which also changes systematically with elevation angle. Independent psychophysical measurements indicate that these pinna cues are detectable by subjects, and both are used by subjects in vertical localization tasks. Subject Classification: 65.62, 65.75.