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This article gives an overview of the formation of the global nuclear industry, highlighted a critical issue of ensuring safe operation of nuclear power systems in modern projects. Considering the use of passive safety systems in the design of a nuclear power plant, and discussed the different mathematical methods for assessing the reliability of passive systems. Also it considers the possibility of finding the mean time between failures, using these methods to assess the reliability of passive safety systems.

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The article deals with the method of analyzing statistical data on failures to assess the reliability of units of the Unified Set of Technical Means (UCTM) at the Balakovo NPP. The calculations are carried out under a conservative assumption due to the lack of some data in the defect log. The analysis of the obtained data concerned the case of zero failures of some blocks during the observation period. The results show that these blocks are quite reliable to continue their operation.