Background. Cellular immunity and cytotoxic agents are involved in the inflammatory process and tumor cell apoptosis resolution.Background. Cellular immunity and cytotoxic agents are involved in the inflammatory process and tumor cell apoptosis resolution. Endothelial cell apoptosis violation, imbalanced cytokines are considered as one of the contributory factors for postmastectomy lymphedema development. Aim. To assess the correlation between the interleukin profile (interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and clinical indicators of postmastectomy lymphedema in the rehabilitation treatment course after complex breast cancer treatment Materials and methods. The study involved 50 people aged 4065 years. The main group consisted of 40 females who underwent a rehabilitation treatment course for postmastectomy lymphedema. The control group consisted of 10 females with a verified breast cancer diagnosis who were preparing for surgical treatment. The statistical analysis determined the differences between the mean values of indicators using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon T-test. Spearmans nonparametric correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the studied characteristics. Differences between indicators were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. Results. The indices of the studied interleukins in the control group are significantly higher than that of the main group. Interleukin-10 remained unchanged in the course of restorative treatment, whereas tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased from 43.72 10 pg/l to 118.94 14.74 pg/l. After the course, a statistically significant correlation (p 0.05) was found between the levels of the studied interleukins. A positive trend was observed as a result of rehabilitation treatment of postmastectomy lymphedema: the average excess volume in patients of the main group decreased by 38.5%. Conclusion. Evaluation of interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with postmastectomy lymphedema allows not only the restorative treatment results assessment and determination of the immune status parameter and damage degree of the vascular endothelium of a particular patient but also prognosis formation of malignant neoplasm development.