Patch composition structure and landscape pattern at different spatial scales have great variation. Scale effect is also an important characteristics in agricultural landscape. In recent years, both agricultural management within field and landscape modification at landscale scale were used to achieve ecologically based pest management and ecosystem services. Ecologically based pest management should be conducted at multiple spatial scales, especially the combination of farming activities at local scale and patch pattern at landscape scale. Optimization of planting pattern and agricultural management at local scale and landscape modification at landscape scale should be considered together, which could cut off the life history of agricultural and recover the population of natural enemy. Then, the agroecosystem health and biological control service was enhanced at most extent. We also summarized the mechanism and hypothesis between environmental conditions and biological control in agroecosystem. At local scale, rotation, cover crop, no-tillage, and organic management could be used to enhance crop health and biocontrol service, which were also improved by the rearrangements of habitat patches and plant resource at landscape scale. Additionally, habitat management should be conducted at multiple spatial scales. The landscape characteristics at different spatial scales have varied effects on insects due to the species specific. In recent years, great progress has been obtained through landscape design in the USA and Europe. The varied responses of different species to spatial scales may be important unexplored fields in pest sustainable management. The research landscape pattern and biodiversity can reveal the interspecific relationship and mechanism in theory, which can provide new approaches and methods to control insect pests by landscape design in practice.

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