International audience

The objective of this article is to contribute to an understanding of the evolution of a population of social economy enterprises faced with the economic crisis, namely by referring to the case of Montreal. We apply a two-step approach. For one, we use an innovative discrete-time survival model that takes spatial heterogeneity into account. In a second step, this model is used to predict the survival of different forms of the social economy, according to various proposed typologies for identifying hybrid organizational forms. It is understood that certain organizational forms (professional social economy) have fared better than others (emerging social economy). Organizations combining several sources of financing and several forms of paid or volunteer work likewise have greater chances of survival.

L’objectif de cet article est de contribuer à une compréhension de l’évolution d’une population d’entreprises d’économie sociale confrontée à la crise économique, en nous appuyant sur l’exemple de Montréal. Nous mobilisons une approche en deux étapes. Nous utilisons un modèle novateur de survie en temps discret tenant compte de l’hétérogénéité spatiale. Ce modèle est ensuite utilisé pour prédire la survie de différentes formes d’économie sociale, suivant différentes typologies proposées identifiant des formes organisationnelles hybrides. On constate que certaines formes organisationnelles (économie sociale professionnelle) ont mieux survécu que d’autres (économie sociale émergente). De même, les organisations combinant plusieurs sources de financement et plusieurs formes de travail salarié ou bénévole ont eu plus de chances de survivre.

To cite this version:Maxime Agbo, Damien Rousselière, Julien Salanié. Agricultural marketing cooperatives with direct selling: A cooperative-non-cooperative game. 2014. halshs-01098762 GROUPE D'ANALYSE ET DE THÉORIE ÉCONOMIQUE LYON -ST ÉTIENNE WP 1438Agricultural marketing cooperatives with direct selling: A cooperative non cooperative game November 21, 2014 AbstractWe build a theoretical model to study a market structure of a marketing cooperative with direct selling, in which many farmers are members of an agricultural marketing cooperative. They can sell their production either to the cooperative or on an oligopolistic local market. We show that the decision to sell to the cooperative induces an anti-competitive effect on the direct selling market.The cooperative facilitates collusion on the local market by making farmers softer competitors on that market. Conversely, direct selling may create a "healthy emulation" among farmers, leading to more production benefiting the cooperative.

Reduced pesticide use is one of the reasons given by Europeans for accepting new genetic engineering techniques. According to the advocates of these techniques, consumers are likely to embrace the application of cisgenesis to apple trees. In order to verify the acceptability of these techniques, we estimate a Bayesian multilevel structural equation model, which takes into account the multidimensional nature of acceptability and individual, national, and European effects, using data from the Eurobarometer 2010 73.1 on science. The results underline the persistence of clear differences between European countries and whilst showing considerable defiance, a relatively wider acceptability of vertical gene transfer as a means of reducing phytosanitary treatments, compared to horizontal transfer.

UMR INRA-Agrocampus Ouest SMART -LERECO (Laboratoires d'Etudes et de Recherches en Economie sur les Structures et Marchés Agricoles, Ressources et Territoires) Working Paper SMART -LERECO N°18-02 Les Working Papers SMART-LERECO ont pour vocation de diffuser les recherches conduites au sein des unités SMART et LERECO dans une forme préliminaire permettant la discussion et avant publication définitive. Selon les cas, il s'agit de travaux qui ont été acceptés ou ont déjà fait l'objet d'une présentation lors d'une conférence scientifique nationale ou internationale, qui ont été soumis pour publication dans une revue académique à comité de lecture, ou encore qui constituent un chapitre d'ouvrage académique. Bien que non revus par les pairs, chaque working paper a fait l'objet d'une relecture interne par un des scientifiques de SMART ou du LERECO et par l'un des deux éditeurs de la série. Les Working Papers SMART-LERECO n'engagent

We build a theoretical model to study a market structure of a marketing cooperative with direct selling, in which many farmers are members of an agricultural marketing cooperative. They can sell their production either to the cooperative or on an oligopolistic local market. We show that the decision to sell to the cooperative induces an anti-competitive effect on the direct selling market. The cooperative facilitates collusion on the local market by making farmers softer competitors on that market. Conversely, direct selling may create a "healthy emulation" among farmers, leading to more production benefiting the cooperative.