This study evaluated the efficacy of Artemia nauplii enriched with three enhancement products as live feed for golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus larvae. Artemia were separately enriched with Nannochloropsis, Algamac 3080 ® and Spirulina and unenriched Artemia nauplii served as control feed. Growth and survival of fish larvae were affected significantly (p<0.05) by the enrichment products. Highest specific growth rate was obtained when fish were fed with Artemia nauplii enriched with Algamac 3080 and the lowest growth rate in fish fed with unenriched or spirulina enriched Artemia nauplii. Highest survival was obtained in groups fed with unenriched or Nannochloropsis enriched Artemia nauplii. Feeding with enriched Artemia nauplii also helped to reduce incidence of skeletal malformation during larval phase. Significantly lower (p<0.05) vertebral column malformation was observed when fish were fed with spirulina enriched Artemia nauplii. The highest docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio in Artemia was obtained when Artemia nauplii were enriched with Algamac 3080 and the lowest in unenriched Artemia nauplii. Results of the study indicated that the enrichment protocols attempted for Artemia nauplii significantly (p<0.05) helped to enhance the growth, survival and quality of golden pompano larvae.

This study evaluated the efficacy of Artemia nauplii enriched with three enhancement products as live feed for golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus larvae. Artemia were separately enriched with Nannochloropsis, Algamac 3080 ® and Spirulina and unenriched Artemia nauplii served as control feed. Growth and survival of fish larvae were affected significantly (p<0.05) by the enrichment products. Highest specific growth rate was obtained when fish were fed with Artemia nauplii enriched with Algamac 3080 and the lowest growth rate in fish fed with unenriched or spirulina enriched Artemia nauplii. Highest survival was obtained in groups fed with unenriched or Nannochloropsis enriched Artemia nauplii. Feeding with enriched Artemia nauplii also helped to reduce incidence of skeletal malformation during larval phase. Significantly lower (p<0.05) vertebral column malformation was observed when fish were fed with spirulina enriched Artemia nauplii. The highest docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio in Artemia was obtained when Artemia nauplii were enriched with Algamac 3080 and the lowest in unenriched Artemia nauplii. Results of the study indicated that the enrichment protocols attempted for Artemia nauplii significantly (p<0.05) helped to enhance the growth, survival and quality of golden pompano larvae.

The article mainly investigated the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on quality characters of sturgeon caviar during storage at 0 °C . MAP tested included MAP1 (100%CO2), MAP2 (70%CO2+30%N2), MAP3 (50%CO2+50%N2), MAP4 (30%CO2+70%N2) and MAP5 (100%N2). In order to let gas mixture interact with caver samples, the caviar directly exposed to modified atmosphere in MAP groups, and the control group (AIR) is prepackaged in tins and maintained in the air. Color properties, biochemical analyses (the volatile basic nitrogen values (TVB-N), the thiobarbituric acid values (TBA )) of sturgeon caviar were recorded before packaging (day 0) and after 1, 3 and 5 months of storage. The results showed that the MAP treatments in the study may delay the protein deterioration to some extend and MAP4 group exposed a little advantage to L*. but MAP treatments didn’t show an positive effects on the a*, b*and TBA.

Aims Potato starch wastewater contains higher contents of essential nutrients, which can be feritilizer to help crop growth. However, the effects of potato fermented fertilizer on soil ecology and soil microbial community structure have not yet been elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the shifts of active ammonia oxidation microbial communities under different fertilization in a typical soil from North China. Methods The different levels of potato fermented fertilizer without or with chemical fertilizer were designed by field experiment. Results The results showed that the application of potato fermented fertilizer could significantly increase crop yields by 165–399% compared to Control. The content of available soil nutrients and the activity of saccharase and cellulase were increased when potato fermented fertilizer was applied, and the combination fertilizers further increased the content of Olsen-P by 145.6-166.7%, NO3− by 15.2–81.1%, Total C by 13.8–14%, and Total N by 27.2–34.7% compared with potato fermented fertilizer (PW) treatments. Furthermore, the fermented potato fertilizer significantly stimulated the diversity of soil microbial community, and increased the differentiation and stability of soil microbial networks in deep soils. Finally, the change of niche of soil Comammox(COM), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was found after PW treatments, showed a significant positive correlation between AOA and COM (r = 0.79, P < 0.01), AOB and NOB (r = 0.7, P < 0.05) instead of theoretically the competitive relationship between AOA and COM. Conclusions Potato fermented fertilizer modulates soil nitrification strategy by change the niche of soil functional microorganisms to increase fast-acting nutrients and increase crop yield.