The morphology and taxonomy of first instar larvae of twenty‐five species from eleven genera of primary aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) were examined. A detailed comparative study of the external morphology of aphidiine larvae was carried out, using SEM and phase contrast microscopy, in which many new characters were discovered. Theories concerning the possible functions of various structures are discussed.Descriptions of the first instars of the genera examined and keys for their identification are included.The clsssification of Aphidiinae, based on larval characters, was examined using multivariate analysis. This showed that Aphidius, Diareretiella, Lysiphlebus and Pauesia are very similar to each other and have how percentage similarity values to other Aphidiinae. Ephedrus and Praon, however, show great similarity to each other. These results contradict the classification based on adult characters, proposed by Mackauer (1968). Evidence to support full generic status for Falciconus, Binodoxys and Trioxys in proposed.

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Many scientific names of Illinois fishes have been changed in the twenty-six years that have passed since the original report was issued, so that today there is need for a list which will place the state fauna in accord with present general classifications.

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