The article describes the teacher’s readiness for distance learning of students with disabilities in higher education institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article defines the leading principles of distance education and formulates the problems of managing this process. The authors have conducted a research including questionnaires and interviews with teachers of universities that provide educational activities to disabled students. Resulting data are analyzed, factors affecting the formation of teachers personal attitude to distance education students with disabilities are elicited. The authors revealed a positive attitude of teachers towards the education of disabled students, it is noted that they have a positive motivation in providing all necessary conditions for effective education of this category of students. Teachers are interested in obtaining the necessary knowledge on the organization of distance education for students with disabilities and increasing their own professional qualifications. However, the results of this survey have identified the lack of teacher’s understanding of the characteristics of the psychophysical development of disabled persons, ignorance of the perception specifics of students with hearing and visual disabilities, insufficient understanding of psychological features (fatigue, attention and perception, the visual thinking prevalence, etc.). Teachers of higher educational institutions had difficulty in determining the form of presentation of lecture material, the selection of pedagogical techniques and means of organizing and monitoring the performance of independent practical work. The teachers had some difficulties with the adaptation of educational materials in accessible forms for students with impaired vision and hearing, the materials should be specific and accessible for their understanding. There were particular difficulties in explaining by teachers of abstract concepts and theoretical positions. Based on the identified difficulties in the implementation of distance learning for disabled students describes the possible risks inherent in inclusive higher education. The necessary conditions for organizing the process of distance education for disabled students are highlighted, it should increase readiness of teachers to work with students with disabilities.

Nowadays, the modernization of the education system is the basis of dynamic sustainable economic development and citizens’ well-being. The key agent for the implementation of educational policy and the developer of the legal framework governing the functioning of the educational sphere is the state and its bodies. The Kazakhstani state policy’s main priorities in the field of education are formulated in several strategic documents. Using the review approach, this article examines the current state of public policy and legal regulation in Kazakhstan’s education sector. The article analyzes key documents that define the contours and content of the main directions of public policy and legal regulation. This article attempts to identify, review, and analyze the legal characteristics of the key process and factors existing in the legal field of Kazakhstani education, such as “Bologna factor,” “soviet legacy,” “provision of quality,” etc. The article concludes that the existing legal tools do not fully comply with law enforcement practice. The interpretations of some legal acts are somewhat different, which causes difficulties for actors providing educational services. Based on the result of the analysis, the article provides the main recommendations for improving legislation in education. Acknowledgment This article was written under grant from Kazakhstan Ministry of Education and Science No. АР05135081 “Student with disabilities and distance education learning environment: socio-practical and legal dimensions” coordinated by Prof. Dr Zulfiya Movkebayeva (Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University).

The article discusses the problem of the teacher's readiness for training disabled students of distance learning department at higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The results of a sociological survey the form of questionnaires and interviews with university teachers are presented in the aim of identifying their motivational, cognitive and methodological readiness to organize educational activities of students with limited mobility. Mostly positive attitude of teachers to disabled students of distance learning departments, positive motivation to improve their own professional qualifications, interest in obtaining the necessary knowledge on the organization of this category students distance learning were revealed. An analysis of the teachers' survey has revealed the presence of certain factors (teaching experience, the experience of teaching students with disabilities and etc.) that affect the formation of their personal attitude to distance learning for students with limited abilities. Along with this, the teachers' survey revealed a lack disabled people psychophysical development of the characteristics understanding, lack of the student perception knowledge with hearing and visual impairments, insufficient understanding of the students with impairments physiological characteristics and so on. The teachers experienced the greatest difficulties in determining the presentation form of the lecture material, monitoring and evaluating independent works of students with problems of hearing, vision and movement. Characteristics were the difficulties associated with the adaptation of educational materials for students with vision and hearing problems. The revealed difficulties in organizing distance learning for disabled students allowed the authors to offer some recommendations for the implementation of this process.

This article discusses modern approaches to the organization of distance learning for students with disabilities in higher education. The positive aspects of this system are identified and some risks that cause a decrease in the effectiveness of teaching students with disabilities in higher education institutions are highlighted, the main components of the distance learning system. It describes the necessary conditions and pedagogical principles of distance learning for students with disabilities, the basic requirements for the ВЕСТНИК КазНПУ им. Абая, серия «Педагогические науки», №3(67), 2020 г. 68 selection of material for lectures and practical (seminar) classes with students with various developmental disabilities.