The enhancement and washout values in Hounsfield units obtained by multiphasic CT scan aid in distinguishing oncocytoma from the commonly seen subtypes of RCC in renal masses <4 cm. This preliminary study demonstrates that arterial phase enhancement greater than 500% and washout values of greater than 50% are exclusively seen in renal oncocytomas.

Purpose: Lack of reliable biomarkers limits accurate prediction of prostate-specific antigen biochemical recurrence (disease progression) in prostate cancer. The two inflammatory chemokines, osteopontin and interleukin-8 (IL-8), are associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. We investigated whether osteopontin and IL-8 expression in prostate cancer correlates with disease progression. Experimental Design: Archival prostatectomy specimens (n = 103) were obtained from patients with minimum 72-month follow-up. Osteopontin and IL-8 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and graded for intensity and the area. Association of osteopontin and IL-8 staining with biochemical recurrence was evaluated by univariate and multivariate models. Results: In tumor cells, osteopontin and IL-8 staining was higher in the recurred group (203.2 F 78.4; 181.1 F 89.3) than in the nonrecurred group (122.7 F 76.6; 96.4 F 85.6; P < 0.001). Higher osteopontin and IL-8 staining was also observed in benign areas adjacent to tumor in the recurred group, than in nonrecurred group. In univariate analysis, except age, all preoperative and postoperative variables and osteopontin and IL-8 staining scores were significantly associated with biochemical recurrence (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, margin status and osteopontin staining independently associated with biochemical recurrence within 72 months. Osteopontin, either alone or with IL-8 and seminal vesicle invasion, was a significant variable in predicting biochemical recurrence within 24 months. Osteopontin and IL-8 staining predicted recurrence with high sensitivity (75.5%; 73.6%) and specificity (76%; 70.6%). Conclusion: In prostatectomy specimens, osteopontin expression is independently associated with biochemical recurrence. Both osteopontin and IL-8 may be predictors of early disease progression.

Refractory idiopathic OAB patients without DOA on urodynamics may benefit from intradetrusor BTX-A.

Objectives. To evaluate whether there are any demographic or urodynamic differences in patients with idiopathic overactive bladder (I-OAB) that respond and do not respond to intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A). Methods. This represents a secondary analysis of data collected from an investigator initiated randomized trial designed to evaluate clinical differences in outcomes for 100 versus 150 U BTX-A in patients with I-OAB. Preinjection demographic and urodynamic data were collected. Patients were evaluated 12 weeks after injection and were determined to be responders or nonresponders as defined by our criteria. Statistical comparisons were made between groups. Results. In patients with overactive bladder without incontinence (OAB-Dry), there were no variables that could be used to predict response to BTX-A. On univariate analysis, younger patients with overactive bladder with incontinence (OAB-Wet) were more likely to respond to BTX-A than older patients. However, this relationship was no longer statistically significant on multivariate analysis. Conclusions. We were unable to identify any preinjection demographic or urodynamic parameters that could aid in predicting which patients will achieve clinical response to BTX-A. Future studies are necessary to further evaluate this question.

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