BackgroundPregnancy anemia remains as a public health problem, since the official reports in the 70’s. To guide the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy, the haemoglobin concentration is the most used test in spite of its low accuracy, and serum ferritin is the most reliable test, although its cutoff point remains an issue.Methods/designThe aim of this protocol is to verify the accuracy of erythrocyte indices and serum ferritin (studied tests) for the diagnosis of functional iron-deficiency in pregnancy using the iron-therapy responsiveness as the gold-standard. This is an ongoing phase III accuracy study initiated in August 2011 and to be concluded in April 2013. The subjects are anemic pregnant women (haemoglobin concentration < 11.0 g/dL) attended at a low-risk prenatal care center in the Northeast of Brazil. The sample size (n 278) was calculated to estimate sensitivity of 90% and 80% of specificity with relative error of 10% and power of 95%. This study has a prospective design with a before-after intervention of 80 mg of daily oral iron during 90 days and will be analyzed as a delayed-type cross-sectional study. Women at the second trimester of pregnancy are being evaluated with clinical and laboratorial examinations at the enrollment and monthly. The ‘responsiveness to therapeutic test with oral iron’ (gold-standard) was defined to an increase of at least 0.55 Z-score in haemoglobin after 4 weeks of treatment and a total dose of 1200 mg of iron. At the study conclusion, sensitivities, specificities, predictive values, likelihood ratios and areas under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves of serum ferritin and erythrocyte indices (red blood cell count, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell distribution width, reticulocyte count) will be tested. The compliance and adverse effects are considered confounding variables, since they are the main obstacles for the iron-therapy responsiveness.DiscussionThis study protocol shows a new approach on iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy from a functional point of view that could bring some insights about the diagnostic misclassifications arising from the dynamic physiologic changes during the gestational cycle.Trial registrationWHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform U1111-1123-2605.
A avaliação da qualidade em Saúde parte de parâmetros que vão direcionar as ações ofertadas aos usuários além de subsidiar a construção de novos instrumentos avaliativos. São objetivos deste estudo: verificar o estágio de desenvolvimento de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) da cidade do Recife, segundo os padrões de qualidade preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. A metodologia constou de: estudo descritivo de corte transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Foram aplicados 27 questionários semi-estruturados aos profissionais, residentes e alunos de graduação da USF. As respostas foram confrontadas com os Padrões de Qualidade do AMQ (Avaliação para Melhoria da Qualidade). Os resultados demonstraram que a USF apresenta-se 100% adequada ao nível ‘elementar’ e 12,5% ao nível ‘consolidado’ para Infra-estrutura e Equipamentos; para Insumos, Imuno-biológicos e Medicamentos apresenta variação de 50% a 100% de adequação. Para Organização do Trabalho 76% adequado ao ‘elementar’ e ‘avançado’. O acolhimento, a utilização do cronograma e a participação dos Agentes Comunitários no planejamento das ações foram os aspectos positivos apontados. Conclui-se que uma avaliação participativa com enfoque na qualidade, refletindo sobre o estágio de desenvolvimento dos serviços oferecidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família, envolvendo os estudantes contribui para o aprimoramento dos serviços e do processo ensino-aprendizado.
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