Dental caries is a localized destruction on teeth by organic acid produced by carbohydrate fermentation of cariogenic bacteria. Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive bacterium, a facultative anaerobe species often found in human oral cavity and is a significant contributor to dental caries. Chitosan is the collective name of a group of partially or fully deacetylated chitin. Because of its unique biological properties, including biodegradability and nontoxicity, a lot of applications have been found for chitosan, on its own or combined with other polymers. Chitosan has a wide spectrum of activity and high killing rate against Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while having low toxicity against mammal cell. In this research a Kirby-Bauer test is done on Streptococcus mutans using 1%, 1.5%, and 2% chitosan solution as treatment group and aquades as control group. Average of each group is calculated and significancy is determined using statistical calculation. The resulting data is analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Post-hoc Tukey HSD and is shown there to be a significant difference between each treatment groups. The biggest zone of inhibition is seen on the 2% chitosan solution group. 2% chitosan solution has higher antibacterial effectiveness on Streptococcus mutans than 1% and 1.5% chitosan solution.

Background: Two main influencing factors of dental and oral health in developing countries are attitude and behavior.According to Lawrence Green’s theory, a person’s behavior is influenced by intention, namely reinforcing factor,predisposing factor, and enabling factor. One of reinforcing factors that has an important role for a mother in adoptingand promoting healthy behavior is social support. The study found issues on two social support domains, which wereinformation support and instrumental support. Therefore, “Bu GISELA” or Buku Gigi Sehat Keluarga (Family DentalHealth Book) was created to promote dental and oral health by habituating regular tooth-brushing activities. Purpose: Topromote dental and oral health care and maternal social support in mothers and kindergarteners in Made Urban Village.Bu GISELA was expected to improve informational support in mothers. Methods: A total of 20 mothers of kindergartenersin Made Urban Village filled pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The obtained data were then processed using a pairedt-test to see the relationship between the two variables. Results: A significant increase in knowledge (p-value <0.05) onpost-test compared to pre-test. Conclusion: Mothers’ dental health knowledge and social support increased significantlyafter they received “Bu GISELA”.

Background: Downloadable health applications are nothing new for the public. Smartphone use has been steadilyincreased in years, including increased smartphone use in mothers of kindergarten students in Made Urban Village,Surabaya. Therefore, smartphone applications can be effective media in promoting child dental and oral health. Theprevalence of caries in Made Kindergarten was 95%, and it was concerning. Therefore, the SIKATIN app works byreminding mothers about tooth brushing schedules for their children and motivating them to pay extra care for children’sdental and oral health. Purpose: Mothers are motivated to maintain their children’s dental and oral health. Method: Theempowerment program helped to promote the SIKATIN app use, and the evaluation was based on the total download.Results: 100% of mothers of kindergartners achieved all indicators of success. Conclusion: 100% of the mothers ofkindergartners in Made Urban Village has downloaded the SIKATIN application.