Las fosfolipasas A2 (PLA2 ) del veneno de las serpientes, son enzimas con una variedad de efectos biológicos, debido a sus diferentes isoformas y algunas pudiendo ser miotoxinas. El objetivo de la investigación fue purificar, caracterizar y evaluar la actividad miotóxica de una isoforma de PLA2 ácida (BaPer-PLA2a). Se purificó por DEAE Sephadex-A50, Sephadex-G75 y un sistema automatizado de presión media-NGC. La BaPer-PLA2a tuvo una actividad específica de 34,1 U/mg y un peso molecular de ~14,5 kDa por PAGE-SDS en condiciones no reductoras. Del veneno se obtuvo el ARN total, para la síntesis de ADNc y un amplificado de ~480 pb. Se dedujo de la secuencia de ADNc una proteína madura de 124 aminoácidos con un punto isoeléctrico (4,41), siendo una isoforma ácida, asimismo presentó una estructura primaria con regiones conservadas y los residuos His48, Asp49 y Tyr52 identificados en el centro catalítico. Adicionalmente, el modelo teórico estructural posee una identidad mayor al 70 % con otras PLA2 ácidas. Finalmente, la BaPer-PLA2a no presenta actividad miotóxica, sin embargo, al combinarla con la isoforma de PLA2 básica incrementó la actividad miotoxina de esta última en 21,58 %.
RNA purification and cDNA synthesis represents the starting point for molecular analyses of snake venom proteins-enzymes. Usually, the sacrifice of snakes is necessary for venom gland extraction to identify protein-coding transcripts; however, the venom can be used as a source of transcripts. Although there are methods for obtaining RNA from venom, no comparative analysis has been conducted in the Bothrops genus. In the present study, we compared four commercial methods for RNA purification and cDNA synthesis from venom (liquid, lyophilized, or long-term storage) of four clinically relevant species of Peruvian Bothrops. Our results show that the TRIzol method presents the highest yield of RNA purified from venom (59 ± 11 ng/100 µL or 10 mg). The SuperScript First-Strand Synthesis System kit produced high amounts of cDNA (3.2 ± 1.2 ng cDNA/ng RNA), and the highest value was from combination with the Dynabeads mRNA DIRECT kit (4.8 ± 2.0 ng cDNA/ng RNA). The utility of cDNA was demonstrated with the amplification of six relevant toxins: thrombin-like enzymes, P-I and P-III metalloproteinases, acid and basic phospholipases A2, and disintegrins. To our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of RNA purification and cDNA synthesis methodologies from Bothrops genus venom.
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