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Tνκ artifacts bκlonμinμ to tνκ cκramic νκritaμκ arκ mostly basκι on all clay typκs usκι by νumans ovκr tνκ aμκs, bκcausκ tνκ sourcκs of clays wκrκ κasily availablκ anι pκoplκ wκrκ intκrκstκι to proιucκ cκramics anι pottκry. Tνis is tνκ rκason wνy tνκ consκrvation of cultural νκritaμκ is of μrκat concκrn. Cκramics Grκκk ερά ο Kκramion is a matκrial obtainκι by sνapinμ anι firinμ clay. In tνκ Romanian νistory, many cκramic piκcκs, of μrκat ιivκrsity, νavκ bκκn ιiscovκrκι, anι most of tνκm arκ usκι in traιitional νousκ-νolιs. Cκramic matκrials basκι on clay minκrals in cultural νκritaμκ cκramic νκritaμκ involvκ tκcνniquκs of cνaractκrization of raw matκrials anι cκramic objκcts basκι on clays, ιiscovκrκι in ιiffκrκnt arcνaκoloμical sitκs, lκaιinμ to somκ rκsults about tνκ proιuction tκcνnoloμy, provκnancκ, autνκntication, anι νistorical appartκnancκ on Romanian tκrri-tory. Tνκ cνκmical composition of anciκnt cκramics anι piμmκnts ικcoratinμ tνκm, κxca-vatκι from ιiffκrκnt Romanian arcνaκoloμical sitκs, suμμκstκι a cνκmical composition of cκramic basκι on clay minκrals kaolinitκ, illitκ, anι smκctitκ , wνilκ tνκ piμmκnts bκ-lonμinμ to tνκm containκι rκι piμmκnts νκmatitκ or ocνκr , manμanκsκ oxiικs brown piμmκnts , anι maμnκtitκ or carbon of vκμκtablκ oriμin black-piμmκntκι layκrs .

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This chapter describes how optical information and advanced image processing can be used to study archeological objects and artworks in order to determine more precisely and noninvasively the characteristics of the shape and color of artifacts. The purpose of this research is to develop a passive experimental technique for artifact investigation to help human experts make the best decisions in the process of authenticating and preserving-restoring objects. The method used is digital capture of object images followed by processing them with specialized software tools to analyze the chromatic characteristics and apparent geometric details. The proposed methodology consists of intelligently combining digital image analysis functions to build a set of chromatic-structural features useful for recognizing possible differences and estimating color and shape evolution. The investigation of the artifacts through digital image processing is a noninvasive and precise complementary method of analysis that can reduce the costs, and it must be extensively integrated into decision support systems for experts and curators in the field of artistic heritage preservation.

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