Subclinical mastitis caused by Corynebacterium spp. (as a group and at the species level) was investigated by evaluating contralateral (healthy and infected) mammary quarters for somatic cell count (SCC), milk yield and composition. Selection of cows with subclinical mastitis caused by Corynebacterium spp. was performed by microbiological culture of composite samples collected from 1242 dairy cows from 21 dairy herds. For each of the selected cows, milk yield was measured and milk samples were collected at the mammary quarter level (i.e., 1140 mammary samples collected from 285 cows) for analysis of milk composition and SCC. The identification of Corynebacterium spp. isolates was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. One hundred and eighty Corynebacterium spp. isolates were identified, of which 167 (92.77%) were C.bovis and eight (4.44%) non-C.bovis; for five of the Corynebacterium spp. isolates (2.77%), sequencing of 16S rRNA genes did not allow identification at the species level. Mammary quarters infected with Corynebacterium spp. as a group had a higher geometric mean SCC (197,900 cells/mL) than healthy contralateral mammary quarters (85,800 cells/mL). Species of Corynebacterium non-C.bovis were infrequently isolated and did not change SCC, milk yield or milk solid contents when evaluated at the contralateral quarter level. Although C.bovis infection showed no effect on milk yield, fat, protein, casein or total solids in milk, it increased SCC and decreased lactose and milk solids non-fat content.
Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(10):947-952, outubro 2014 947 RESUMO.-[Fatores de risco associados com a resistên-cia antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus aureus isolados da mastite bovina.] Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os fatores de risco associados às práticas de manejo e tratamento de mastite e a resistência aos antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de vacas com mastite. Foram selecionados para o presente estudo 13 rebanhos localizados na região de Pirassununga/SP. Foi aplicado um questionário contendo informações para o levantamento de fatores de risco relacionados à resistência aos antimicrobianos e às práticas de manejo e tratamento de mastite. Após a seleção dos rebanhos e aplicação dos questionários, foram utilizados 210 isolados de S. aureus de amostras compostas de leite coletadas durante 24 meses, em quatro períodos, para realização dos testes de resistência. Os antimicrobianos testados foram: ampicilina 10µg, clindamicina 2µg, penicilina 1µg, eftiofour 30µg, gentamicina 10µg, sulfatrimetropin 25µg, enrofloxacina 5µg, sulfonamida 300µg, tetraciclina 30µg, oxacilina 1µg, cefalotina 30µg e eritromicina 5µg. As variáveis que foram significativamente as- The objective of this study was to evaluate herd management practices and mastitis treatment procedures as risk factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance. For this study, 13 herds were selected to participate in the study to evaluate the association between their management practices and mastitis treatment procedures and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 1069 composite milk samples were collected aseptically from the selected cows in four different periods over two years. The samples were used for microbiological culturing of S. aureus isolates and evaluation of their antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 756 samples (70.7%) were culture-positive, and S. aureus comprised 27.77% (n=210) of the isolates. The S. aureus isolates were tested using the disk-diffusion susceptibility assay with the following antimicrobials: ampicillin 10mg; clindamycin 2μg; penicillin 1mg; ceftiofur 30μg; gentamicin 10mg; sulfa-trimethoprim 25μg; enrofloxacin 5μg; sulfonamide 300μg; tetracycline 30μg; oxacillin 1mg; cephalothin 30μg and erythromycin 5μg. The variables that were significantly associated with S. aureus resistance were as follows: the treatment of clinical mastitis for ampicillin (OR=2.18), dry cow treatment for enrofloxacin (OR=2.11) and not sending milk samples for microbiological culture and susceptibility tests, for ampicillin (OR=2.57) and penicillin (OR=4.69). In conclusion, the identification of risk factors for S. aureus resistance against various mastitis antimicrobials is an important information that may help in practical recommendations for prudent use of antimicrobial in milk production.
Em primeiro lugar, agradeço a Deus por ter me dado saúde e força para recomeçar em momentos difíceis, e poder realizar este trabalho. Aos meus queridos e amados pais Valdir e Lourdes pelo dom da vida, carinho, compreensão e pelas palavras de motivação. E especialmente por compreender todos os momentos de ausência. Aos meus dois irmãos mais que amados Marcelo Rodrigo e Marcos Paulo por todo amor e carinho que eles têm por mim, e principalmente por apoiarem e entenderem minhas escolhas. A meus dois sobrinhos lindos, João Pedro e José Afonso por todas as alegrias, pela esperança e força que eles me dão. Às minhas cunhadas Priscila e Simone, companheiras dos meus irmãos por tornarem o dia deles melhor e por todo carinho que sempre tiveram comigo. Ao amor da minha vida Elcio Luis de Souza Medeiros, que tem sido mais que um companheiro. Por todo apoio e carinho, por todo amor que tem me dado. À minha segunda família, Dona Maria, Seu Valter, Fo e Valtinho por todo carinho. Ao meu orientador, Professor Dr. Marcos Veiga dos Santos, exemplo de profissional, agradeço pela credibilidade, confiança, e a disponibilidade para me orientar. À Lucinéia e Zeca por todo carinho, pelos ensinamentos, conselhos e pela ajuda prestada sempre em todos os momentos. Aos meus colegas de pós-graduação Nara,
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