Background: Low-grade intraductal carcinomas are rare, malign tumors of salivary glands most commonly affecting parotid gland. It is a slow-growing tumor considered with a favourable prognosis after surgical excision. Methods: To define the characteristics and management of low-grade intraductal carcinoma a systematic review was performed using the electronic databases Pubmed, Cochrane and Scopus. A new case report was also described. Results: Including this case the review of literature identified only 54 cases reported thus far. Demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, treatment, follow-up and recurrence rate, histological and immunohistochemical patterns of this kind of tumor were summarized. Conclusion: Low-grade intraductal carcinoma has already been well defined but is important to focus on the fact that in few cases component of high-grade infiltrations have been reported: this may modify surgical approach because a simple tumorectomy may not be enough.

The World Health Organization determined that preterm birth takes place when a baby is born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy. There are sub-categories of preterm birth based on gestational age, in which the baby is considered extremely preterm, very preterm, and moderate to late preterm when the birth occurs <28 weeks, from 28 to 32 weeks and between 32 and 37 weeks, respectively. It is estimated that about 15 million babies are preterm every year and that approximately 1 million children die each year due to preterm birth complications. 1 These complications may include respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular bleeding, necrotising enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, risk of infection and persistent ductus arteriousus. 2 Commonly reported oral complications of preterm birth include notching of the alveolar ridge, palatal grooving, high arched palate, dental crossbite, and palatal asymmetry. 3

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