This report presented by the Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE ISSEK) is dedicated to the statistical measurement of the creative economy of Moscow. This publication gives a first ever classification of Moscow’s creative industries – sectors of the economy where the major part of gross value added is generated out of creative activity and intellectual property rights management, and provides a description of approaches to calculating key indicators of their economic and territorial development. Original assessments of creative employment and foreign trade of creative goods on the basis of official data sources, as well as infographic profiles of selected creative industries, are provided. The report will be of practical interest to representatives of public authorities, managers and employees of companies, educational institutions, research institutes, experts and all involved in the creative economy agenda.

Marine and coastal economies are the drivers of growth for many nations around the world. Close proximity to the sea generates positive externalities being especially strong in coastal areas, whose effective governance is a challenge. The greatest challenge to date is ambiguity in delimitation of a coastal zone, as static criteria based on density of population and industry, are limited in our understanding of the functional connectivity of the sea and land. This article studies functional boundaries of a coastal zone by focusing on the geoinformation analysis of marine-related R&D. We hypothesize that maritime knowledge flows between the customers and contractors of R&D projects can outline the actual configuration of coastal zone in its knowledge production domain. The research data is sourced from ROSRID database of 2017-2019, covering 1,773 marine-related R&D projects funded or executed by entities located across 119 municipalities of 64 regions in Russia. The results of the study showed that maritime knowledge flows are not limited to coastal municipalities or even coastal regions. Some research areas, such as Fisheries, aquaculture and marine life studies, are more localized in coastal zones than others, although featuring an overall strong interconnectedness between inland and coastal territories. Functional delimitation of coastal zone management areas using dynamic data on spatial networks can enhance the effectiveness of coastal zone management.

Across the globe marine coasts are experiencing an outstripping growth of the population and economic activity, a phenomenon known as coastalization. Most global cities and industry clusters are located in coastal regions acting as economic growth nodes for their respective countries. This divergence is equally true for national innovation systems, gravitating towards highly urbanized coastal areas. The study is designed to evaluate the spatial stratification of the knowledge production between the coastal regions located in different marine basins - Azov-Black, Caspian, Baltic, Arctic, and Pacific. In order to level-out the national differences of the innovation policy and institutional architecture, the research is held in a single country - the Russian Federation. Our research hypothesis suggests that the knowledge production domain of the innovation activity is influenced by urbanization and coastalization, i.e. the proximity to the core city and the coast. We also expect that the coastalization factor would be reflected in intensified involvement of coastal municipalities in knowledge production networks. The study is based on processing the ROSRID database of 66,647 research projects implemented in 2017-2019 and geocoded using the Yandex.Maps API. The research has shown that the urbanization factor has the strongest influence in configuration of R&D networks - the core centers of knowledge production are the largest cities in marine basins that give further impetus to the involvement of neighboring municipalities. Nearly 70% of municipalities across marine basins have limited or no involvement in the knowledge production, except the Baltic and Azov-Black Sea basins that feature the strongest performance. Overall, the proximity to the coast of non-freezing seas has a positive correlation with the number of R&Ds executed and funded. Considering the research topics, the share of marine-related research is typically funded by coastal regions, whereas the executed R&Ds cover a broad variety of topics. Research results enrich the notion of geography of innovation and advance our understanding of the spatial factors in knowledge distribution within the national innovation system.