All requirements for the express control of unstable hydrocarbon media and devices for their implementation to obtain reliable measurement results are determined. The features of the control of volatile hydrocarbon media and their mixtures with industrial small-sized refractometers operating on the effect of total internal reflection are considered. The new method for determining components and the ratio between concentrations of them in a mixture of volatile hydrocarbon media is developed. There are no analogs to this method in the world. This method allows determining the presence of one volatile hydrocarbon medium in another in a ratio of 1% to 99% or more. The new design of a small-sized refractometer has been developed, which makes it possible to measure the refractive index in visible light. In the refractometer’s newly developed design, the refractive index measurement range of a condensed medium is from 1.2500 to 1.7000 (measurement error 0.0004). New dependencies of change in density ρ for various grades of hydrocarbon fuel (in the Russian Federation) on temperature T have been established. After adjusting the coefficients, these dependencies can be used for fuel produced in various world countries. The results of the research on different gasoline types and their mixtures are presented.

The necessity of studying the nature of the propagation of the maximum of the laser radiation pattern in the Anderson differential cell is substantiated. A new technique has been developed for conducting these studies, which takes into account all factors when constructing the trajectory of the maximum laser radiation in the cuvette, as well as outside it (up to the sensor of the photodiode line, on which the radiation is recorded). For the first time, an equation was derived to study the change in the nature of the propagation trajectory of the maximum of laser radiation in the Anderson cell, and beyond it, depending on its various parameters, the values of the refractive indices of the reference ns and the liquid medium under study, nm. The results of checking the reliability of the developed equation are presented. For the first time, a 12th degree polynomial was obtained for Anderson's differential cell with respect to the refractive index of the medium under study to obtain an analytical solution of the developed equation. This solution will provide additional information about the physics of the processes under consideration and the relationships between different quantities. Keywords: laser radiation, refraction, liquid, refractive index, Anderson cell, spread trajectory, equation, polynomial.

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