In the past long period of time, China has achieved great and rapid development by relying on mineral resources. However, this development mode is extensive. In the process of mineral resources consumption, a large number of geological disasters have been caused, such as mining subsidence, landslides, etc. In addition, the emission of carbon dioxide and other pollutants has also caused environmental harm. In September 2020, China explicitly set the goal of peaking its carbon footprint by 2030 and becoming carbon neutral by 2060. Economic development needs the support of mineral resources, but also needs to ensure that the environment is not further damaged, to achieve sustainable and high-quality development is the only way. In this context, it is necessary to discuss the future development trend of China's mining economy. Based on relevant research and theoretical analysis, some suggestions on promoting sustainable development of mining economy are put forward.