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CEL NAUKOWY: Celem naukowym jest ukazanie sytuacji oraz rozwiązań wykorzystywanych w pracy z seniorami przebywającymi w zakładach karnych oraz pokazanie zróżnicowanych problemów charakterystycznych dla tej grupy więźniów. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Problem badawczy został sformułowany w postaci pytań: Jakie rozwiązania są stosowane w pracy z seniorami przebywającymi w warunkach izolacji więziennej? Jakie problemy występują w pracy z osadzonymi seniorami? Wykorzystane zostały metoda sondażu diagnostycznego oraz analiza treści. PROCES WYWODU: Na wstępie artykułu wyjaśniony został cel odbywania kary pozbawienia wolności i zadania kadry resocjalizacyjnej w pracy ze skazanymi, także seniorami. Następnie przedstawiono dane demograficzne dotyczące osób starych oraz charakterystykę okresu starości. W dalszej kolejności przedstawiono specyfikę funkcjonowania osób starych w więzieniu, ich problemy i potrzeby. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza dotyczyła wykorzystywanych w pracy z przebywającymi w zakładach karnych seniorami rozwiązań oraz problemów tej grupy. Wskazała na korzystne zmiany w zakresie podejmowanej pracy ze skazanymi seniorami. Służba więzienna uwzględnia ich szczególne warunki fizyczne, psychiczne, życiowe doświadczenie, także kryminalne. Seniorzy w więzieniu generują problemy dla całego systemu więziennictwa, powodują wzrost kosztów, są wyzwaniem dla personelu i współwięźniów. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Wzrasta populacja seniorów w więzieniu. Seniorom trzeba zapewnić opiekę lekarską i kontakt z rodziną. Konieczne jest uwzględnienie ich trudności z przystosowaniem się do więziennej rzeczywistości oraz to, że wielu z nich nie ma dokąd wrócić po zakończeniu odbywania kary. Niezbędne jest wdrażanie specjalistycznych programów korekcyjnych skierowanych do tej grupy skazanych i uwzględniających ich potrzeby. W przygotowaniu przyszłych kadr jednostek penitencjarnych należy zwrócić uwagę na umiejętność pracy z seniorami.

The problems presented in the text refer to the education of convicts in Poland. It has been based on current Polish legal regulations, statistical data and specialist literature. The problems which refer to the education of convicts in Poland are regulated by the Act of 6th June 1997, the Executive Penal Code, the Act on the Education System and executive acts to the above-mentioned regulations. The current situation in the labour market requires people to acquire education and to improve their qualifications. People without education, who are excluded from the access to professional development and in-service training, find themselves in an extremely difficult situation. The lack of qualification and vocational skills usually leads to exclusion from the labour market. People who serve their sentences in prisons find themselves in a particularly difficult situation, because their lack of education may push them back into crime. A very positive tendency that may be observed in Poland is a growing demand for prison education. Convicts may acquire knowledge and raise their qualifications at various levels and in various fields. They may follow the curricula at the level of a primary or secondary school; they may pass their Matura certificate and, after the consent of relevant authorities, they can continue their education at the university level. Convicts may also learn a new profession, change their professional qualifications or acquire new additional skills during specialist courses. The qualifications acquired in this way shall meet current demand in the labour market, and convicts may find employment after they leave prisons. Education allows them to improve their self-esteem and self-reliance, to catch up with any deficiencies and to work on their self-discipline. At the same time, education offers opportunities to expand knowledge, to return to the society and to the labour market. It is important for convicts to obtain opportunities for education, since such a chance comes as a significant factor of their social re-adaptation. Considering social values, it is important to foster the pursuit for education among convicts. A lot of prisoners still do not want to learn, and this fact may result from their previous school failures, the sense of embarrassment caused by their knowledge deficiencies, the lack of interest and faith in their own potential. The material for the text has been collected on the basis of the method of theoretical analysis, and it includes available statistical data, legal regulations and literature which refers to the discussed problems. The article aims at the presentation of prison education, how it is organised in Poland and what advantages it presents for both: convicts and the society. The text also presents programmes of prison education which are implemented by correctional staff in prisons. Keywords: education of convicts, penitentiary correctional measures, prison education, social re-adaptation, social rehabilitation.

Education in Polish and Hungarian penitentiaries aims at the successful social reintegration of prisoners. Penitentiary institutions support prisoners by education of primary, secondary, and vocational training. Forms of learning within prisons prepare prisoners for release and integration into the labour market. This study aims to review the most important concepts and possible interpretations of criminal pedagogy and the cultural life of prisons. We present the main cultural rights of prisoners (learning opportunities, community cultural opportunities) and their impact on prisoners, as well as highlighting the aspects that make prison a total institution. We present the goals of cultural life in prison and the current training process covering key areas. We state that cultural activities in prison are essential parts of reintegration, bringing prisoners closer to the cultural nature of the outside world. With this article, comparatively on the two countries, we would like to draw attention to the diversity and feasibility of cultural transmission for prisoners.

In the following article a discussion on the use of e-learning in education of convicts is presented. The topic discussed by the Author is connected with the fact that the use of new media in education at present has become a common solution applied also to educate inmates. E-learning is a current form of education andvocational training. It provides improvement of contemporary culture in education applied at penitentiary institutions to educate convicts. E-learning helps and lets prisoners obtain education and to update education differences. As a method of education, it requires users’ autonomy and self-discipline while working with the use of digital platforms. Education must respond to different needs expressed by the evolving knowledge society. It mainly concerns education of people at risk of social exclusion, e.g. convicts. It is related to the need of dealing with and solving problems that pertain to such issues as increasing possibilities of the media in the area of generating, processing and creating information. The aim of the article is also to describe the use of e-learning in European countries such as Sweden, Norway, Poland, Finland and Germany. These countries were selected for the analysis because they appreciate modern technologies in penitentiary work. They change and develop the solutions. The experience in the use of e-learning in penitentiary work with inmates in Sweden, Norway, Poland, Finland and Germany is different. The aim of the article is also to show how modern technology can be applied in working with convicts. E-learning becomes a tool used for preventing exclusion. Development of various technologies makes it possible to support convicts and prison staff members in the process involving correctional activities. Technologies offer a chance to return or to start work, to continue education, to meet the needs of one’s family, to have an active life in accordance with the social principles after leaving prison. E-learning provides people who have been isolated in prison with a real chance to acquire qualifications. Hence, social issues, family interests, individual interests, business and modern technological solutions are combined in the same field. Coherent and efficient activities come as a challenge to those who perform them and to the society; however, these activities support the process of social rehabilitation.