Cocoa productivity in Indonesia is relatively low as it was recorded in 2013 production the government has implemented Gernas Cocoa Program to increase cocoa production and to impose the Export Duty of cocoa beans regulation through Finance Minister Regulation No. 67/PMK.011/2010 to ensure the supply of raw cocoa beans in the cocoa processing industry. The result of Gernas Cocoa Program and Export Duty of cocoa beans implementation shows that volume of cocoa beans exports continues to fall and by contrast the volume processed cocoa exports continue to rise. The impact of these policies will be more evident in the development of agribusiness cocoa when it is done through harmonious and synergetic policy formulation in the aspects of both cocoa cultivation (upstream) and cocoa processing industry (downstream). Keywords: cocoa cultivation, processing, cocoa agribusiness, industrial policy AbstrakProduktivitas kakao di Indonesia tergolong rendah, tercatat pada tahun 2013 produksi biji kakao hanya mencapai 414 kg/ha/tahun jauh di bawah rata-rata ideal yang mencapai 2.000 kg/ha/tahun. Demikian pula dalam industri pengolahan kakao yang mengalami kesulitan karena kekurangan pasokan bahan baku biji kakao sehingga belum berkembang optimal. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih jelas dalam upaya pengembangan agribisnis kakao nasional yang dilakukan melalui harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi kebijakan hulu-hilir dalam pengembangan budidaya dan industri pengolahan kakao. Kajian ini merupakan kajian deskriptif analitik dengan analisis data dilakukan melalui (a) penelaahan dokumen-dokumen kebijakan yang terkait dengan pengembangan kakao dan (b) perumusan konsep untuk meningkatkan produksi kakao dan mengembangkan industri pengolahan kakao dalam negeri. Untuk menunjang upaya pengembangan agribisnis kakao tersebut pemerintah telah melaksanakan program peningkatan produksi kakao melalui Gernas Kakao dan untuk pengembangan industri pengolahan kakao pemerintah telah pula menerapkan kebijakan pengenaan Bea Keluar ekspor biji kakao melalui Peraturan Menteri Keuangan No. 67/PMK.011/2010 untuk menjamin pasokan bahan baku biji kakao. Hasil dilaksanakannya program Gernas Kakao dan diberlakukannya BK tersebut menunjukkan bahwa volume ekspor kakao dalam bentuk biji terus menurun dan sebaliknya volume ekspor produk olahan kakao terus meningkat. Dampak kebijakan tersebut akan semakin nyata dalam pengembangan agribisnis kakao bila dilakukan melalui perumusan kebijakan yang harmonis dan sinergis antara aspek budidaya kakao (sektor hulu) dan industri pengolahan kakao (sektor hilir). Kata kunci: budidaya kakao, pengolahan, agribisnis kakao, kebijakan industri

The objectives of the research are to evaluate the suitability of land for sugarcane growth and give recommendation through land fertilization for optimal sugarcane cultivation. Furthermore, the impacts of this action are to increase the planting area of sugarcane and productivity. The research use Geographical Information System (GIS) in Tulungagung Regency, starting from June until October 2004. The results of the research showed that the suitable, conditionally suitable, and not suitable land for sugarcane cultivation in Tulungagung Regency reach to a high of 45,651 ha, 61,547 ha, and 6,038 ha respectively. Based on the soil condition with low contents of N, P and K, the dosage calculation of N, P, and K fertilizers for optimal sugarcane cultivation reach to a high of: N (ZA) = 500 kg/ha, P (SP-36) = 215 kg/ha, and K (KCl) = 260 kg/ha.

The objective of this research is to know the optimal formula of Indole Butiric Acid (IBA), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Vitamine B1 and the combination with shading intensities to the acclimatization of Gaharu stump (Aquilaria beccariana). This research used Factorial Design with basic analysis of Complete Randomized Design in order to know theeffect of treatment. The research was carried out in Agroindustry and Biotechnology Laboratory, Ciampea, Bogor, from July to September 2007. The results of the research showed that after 8 weeks of treatment: (a). The combination of 55 % shading intensity with IBA 15 mg/l + NAA 10 mg/l + Vitamine B1 1 mg/l was the best formula for increasingheight of Gaharu stump 4.660 cm. (b). The combination of 55 % shading intensity with IBA 15 mg/l + NAA 30 mg/l + Vitamine B1 1 mg/l was the best formula for increasing sum of Gaharu leaf stump 12.337 leafs, (c). The combination of 55 % shading intensity with IBA 15 mg/l + NAA 40 mg/l + Vitamine B1 1 mg/l was the best formula for increasing sumof Gaharu root stump 3.783 roots, and (d). The combination of 55 % shading intensity with IBA 15 mg/l + NAA 40 mg/l + Vitamine B1 1 mg/l was the best formula for increasing length of Gaharu root stump 3.686 cm.

The objective of the research is to know the optimal formula of auksine and sitokinine in the Murashige dan Skoog (MS) basic media and to conserve gaharu tree (Aquilaria beccariana) in order to produce young gaharu plants which have similar properties with their mother plants. The research used Factorial Design with basic analysis of Complete Randomized Design in order to know the effect of treatment to the elongation. The results of the research showed that after 8 weeks of the treatment with IBA and the combination with BAP and Kinetin have significant effect to the increase of height and number of segment but have no significant effect to the number of buds. The combination of 0.1 mg/l IBA and BAP 0.05 mg/l was the optimal formula for the elongation of young gaharu plants with the increse of height 1.7 cm and number of segmnent 6.4.

The objectives of the research is to increase productivity and quality of medicinal plant so it will develop the economic community. The research is an analytical descriptive research with the information and primary data was gathered through various methods such as audience with key informant and discussion. Secondary data was gathered through scientific publication review. The world demand for herbal medicine continues to increase sharply especially with the spread of Covid-19 outbreak around the world. However, until now the development of medicinal plant cultivation in Indonesia have not developed properly. Results of the research indicate that through the partnership, the herbal medicine industry will provide several facilities to farmers in obtaining access to cultivation technology, capital, seeds, fertilizers, including counseling. Because of the facilities, farmers can cultivate according to Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) principles so that the productivity and quality of medicinal plants increased. In order to achieve success of the partnership, the government should provide policies to support synergistic partnership between medicinal plant farmer and Herbal Medicine Industry. Through the partnership is expected that the upstream and downstream sides will gain benefits so it will occur sustainable synergy and lead to support government programs in empowerment of economic community.