This study was conducted during growing season of 2022 in a private orchard of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Mahdawi which is located at Dulib village, Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan region to evaluate the efficacy of foliar spray of, Gibberellins (GA3) Kelatex (Ca) and Aminoplasmal (A). The experiment designed as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block (RCBD) with three replications, for each treatment and each replicate was represented by one tree.There were three concentrations of Gibberellins (0,50 and 100mg. L -1 ); three concentration of Ca (0, 200, and 400mg. L -1 ) and three concentrations of Aminoplasmal (0, 100 and 200ml.L -1 ) in the study. The results showed that GA3 at 100mg. L -1 had a significant effect on leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen content and leaf calcium content when compared to control. On the other hand, that Ca at 400 mg. l -1 had significant effect on leaf dry weight, leaf chlorophyll and leaf calcium content when compared to control, in addition to Aminoplasmal at 200 mg. L -1 had significantly affected leaf area, leaf dry weight, chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, and calcium content. Furthermore, the interaction between (GA3, Ca and A) had significant effect on leaf chlorophyll, leaf calcium content, leaf nitrogen content, and leaf area at concentrations of (100, 400, and 200 mg. L -1 ) respectively. However, the leaf dry weight was significantly affected at concentrations of (100,200 and 200 mg. L -1 ) respectively.

Effet de fumiers d'animaux sur le développement de Meloidogyne javanica et la croissance du poivron sous serre

Certification is an activity to foster farmers about good and correct cultivation in accordance with agreed standards to improve quality and ask farmers to care for the environment, which then increases social and economic resilience so that our cultivation can be maintained. This study aims to (1) know the ongoing pepper certification process; (2) comparing income between certified pepper farming and non-certified pepper farming; and (3) understand the factors that influence income differences between pepper farming certified and non-certified pepper farming in Matompi Village, Towuti District, East Luwu Regency. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, farm productivity analysis, farming income, and R/C ratio. Analysis of farmland productivity is divided into two, namely seeds productivity and seed productivity. Seeds productivity results show that non-certified farmers are higher than certified farmers, while seed productivity results are only carried out by certified farmers. The results of the study showed, although the productivity of pepper seeds (fruit) in certified pepper farms is lower, however, is more profitable due to the high sales value of its pepper seeds (cuttings).