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©VP S HAS been pointed out in recent reviews MJL on the behavior of liquid dielectrics {6,11), Jm JL very little is known concerning the nature of the charge carriers that give rise to dielectric losses in insulating oils. The contributing effect upon the losses produced by the several types of substances which may be present in commercial oils as constituents or as impurities, or which may be formed by conditions of service, are likewise largely unknown. Except for water {9,10) and rosin {6) the available data seem to be concerned with the total effect upon the power factor and the conductivity of oil or oil-and-paper insulation caused by given treatments, such as oxidation, rather than with the effect produced by the various specific types of products which may be formed by these treatments. For instance, it is known that, when an insulating oil is oxidized, its power factor and conductivity generally increase. At the same time, it is known that, by the oxidation of a hydrocarbon, a variety of products may be formed such as

Ion chromatography (IC) has been approved for the analysis of inorganic anions in environmental waters since the mid -1980s, as described in EPA Method 300.0. Recent advances in instrumentation, columns and detection technology have expanded the scope of IC methods for analytes other than common anions, e.g., disinfection byproduct anions, chromate and perchlorate. In this paper, we review recent developments for the determination of low μg/L levels of anions and perchlorate in environmental samples by IC. The application of EPA Method 314.0 for the analysis of perchlorate in higher ionic strength samples, such as fertilizers, will be also be considered, in addition to the use of electrospray MS detection as a confirmatory technique for anion identification.

lU4THOMAS AND THOMAS: ION EXCHANGE IN NON-AQUEOUS [A?ZU&St, VOI. 94 the polar constituents are attracted to the polar solid resin phase and associate with it in an analogous manner to the principle of "neutral sorption" noted for the high sorbabilities

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