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Responses to violence in some lament Psalms of  the individual Lament psalms  of  the  individual  that  reflect a motif of violence  are  here examined so as  to determine whether or not the editors of  the Psalter had a pattern  of instruction  that  they  wished  to  inculcate  with  respect  to  the experience  of violence.  An  examination  of prayers  of the  accused  and prayers of  sickness as sub-groups within  the Gattung  indicates the presence of  such a pattern,  and suggests  that the  editors wished to model a pattern that rejects  the  right of  human  retribution.  This pattern  needs  to  be  tested further  through  an  examination  of a  third  sub-group,  the  prayers  for protection

SUMMARYA theory is developed whereby acoustic and structural modes are coupled by means of geometrical distortions in a circular cylindrical shell filled with liquid.The prediction is that a circularly symmetric discrete frequency acoustic wave in the liquid will excite in the shell not only a circular symmetric 'breathing mode' (which would be the only one present in an undistorted shell) but also short wavelength flexural waves at the excitation frequency. It is possible, even for quite small distortions, for the displacement amplitude of some of these flexural waves to exceed that of the 'breathing mode'.The results of calculations for a particular shell are shown to be consistent with experimental results.

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