Apical Lesions of Endodontic Origin (ALEO) are initiated by polymicrobial endodontic canal infection. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Porphyromonas endodontalis (Pe) lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can induce a pro-inflammatory macrophage response through their recognition by TLR2 and TLR4. However, polarization responses induced by Pg and/or Pe LPS in macrophages are not fully understood. We aimed to characterize the polarization profiles of macrophages differentiated from THP-1 cells following Pg and/or Pe LPS stimulation from reference strain and clinical isolates. A modified LPS purification protocol was implemented and the electrophoretic LPS profiles were characterized. THP-1 human monocytes differentiated to macrophages were stimulated with Pg and Pe LPS. Polarization profiles were characterized through cell surface markers and secreted cytokines levels after 24 h of stimulation. TLR2 and TLR4 cell surfaces and transcriptional levels were determined after 24 or 2 h of LPS stimulation, respectively. LPS from Pg induced a predominant M1 profile in macrophages evidenced by changes in the expression of the surface marker CD64 and pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. Pe LPS was unable to induce a significant response. TLR2 and TLR4 expressions were neither modified by Pg or Pe LPS. Pg LPS, but not Pe LPS, induced a macrophage M1 Profile.

RESUMEN:El SARS-CoV-2 es un tipo de coronavirus con un alto grado de contagio entre pacientes y personal de salud, por lo que ha provocado la emergencia sanitaria más grande de los últimos años. El siguiente articulo busca presentar diversas consideraciones para la práctica de la cirugía oral, a fin de disminuir la probabilidad de contagio de SARS-CoV-2 en odontólogos. Entre estas destacan, la higiene y lavado de manos tanto de profesionales como de pacientes, medidas de desinfección, bioseguridad y condiciones pre-quirúrgicas, intraoperatorias y postquirúrgicas. Se debe considerar no realizar procedimientos quirúrgicos electivos y en lo posible diferir la atención odontológica en pacientes con padecimientos no urgentes y aquellos con signos y síntomas de COVID-19.

SANTOS-LÓPEZ, M.; JAQUE, D.; FUENTES, E. & GONZÁLEZ-QUINTANILLA, D. Mouthwashes and nasal sprays as a way to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Int.

Periodontitis is a multifactorial and chronic condition associated with the formation of a dysbiotic biofilm, leading to a pro-inflammatory environment that can modulate cell signaling. The Wnt pathway plays fundamental roles during homeostasis and disease, and emerging evidence suggests its involvement in the maintenance of the periodontium and the development of periodontitis. Here, we summarize the role of the Wnt/β-catenin and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways in periodontitis. The accumulated data suggests specific roles for each branch of the Wnt pathway. Wnt5a emerges as a critical player promoting periodontal ligament remodeling and impairing regenerative responses modulated by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, such as alveolar bone formation. Collectively, the evidence suggests that achieving a proper balance between the Wnt/β-catenin and non-canonical pathways, rather than their independent modulation, might contribute to controlling the progression and severity of the periodontal disease.