A new caesium fountain frequency standard (NPL-CsF1) at the National Physical Laboratory is described. Procedures for evaluation of the systematic frequency shifts are presented. The NPL-CsF1 has a short-term stability σ y (τ ) = 1.4 × 10 −13 τ −1/2 , predominantly due to the local oscillator phase noise. The accuracy of 1 part in 10 15 is limited by the uncertainty of the frequency shift due to collisions between cold atoms.

The achievement of significant nuclear energy yields from laser heated pellets of thermonuclear fuel require* that the fuel be coopreaied to at least several orders of magnitude above initial density. Such compressions can be attained by spherical laplosions, but because of the large compression ratios required, these implosions swat be highly ayametrlcal. Calculations of the behavior of Imploding spheres and shells by • spherical harmonic perturbation nethod, and by two dimensional hydrodynaaie codes ulthin their limitations, have shown the inportance of electron thermal conduction in the low density ablation cloud of a pellet in bringing about the required tyaaetry. These calculations show that at early time in the heating of a pellet when the ablation cloud ia relatively small and cold, the symmetry requirements are noit severe and call for as many as four laser beams. However, syaraetry requirements at later tines, when most of the laser energy snist be deposited, may be net by as feu as one beam.

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The doctrine of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has now been accepted across the world -not only by businesses and business organisations, together with an array of commentators and NGOs, but also by many governments. This is a worrying development. The doctrine rests on mistaken presumptions about recent economic developments and their implications for the role and conduct of enterprises, while putting it into effect would make the world poorer and more over-regulated.