Paranoid schizophrenia is one of several types of schizophrenia, a chronic mental illness in which a person loses touch with reality. The classic features of paranoid schizophrenia are having delusions and hearing things that aren't real. Based on Numerous studies about dopamine and schizophrenia, it suggested that changes in the dopamine systems are in related with schizophrenia, but still there is no clear direct evidence for dopamine hypothesis in schizophrenia.In terminated examination, 20 paranoid schizophrenia patients mRNA from white blood cells extracted, then cDNA were synthesized. After Quantitive Real-time PCR examination with the related primaries for D1-D4 receptors were terminated and the compared consequences in abundance of genes expression with the normal samples reveal that D1-D4 dopamine receptors were expressed in all samples. Abundance of normal individuals were D1 100%, D2 6.6%, D3 40%, D4 86.6% and for patients were D1 100%, D2 26.6%, D3 33.3%, D4 73.3%. The results of this study reveals significant differences between D3 receptor apply to others. Therefore D3 has a possible clinical significance for using as rapid diagnosis of people who suspicious of paranoid schizophrenia.

The main purpose of this report is to investigate the structural property and new potential function of PPTI ( Pseudocerastes Persicus Trypsin Inhibitor), a kunitz-type protein with inhibitory effect against trypsin proteolytic activity. Besides kunitz-type serine protease inhibitors, PPTI shows clear-cut similarities with dendrotoxins (DTXs), the other kunitz-type protein subfamily. The most important reason is the presence of functionally important residues of DTXs at correspondingly the same positions in PPTI. As such, we proposed the new ability of PPTI for inhibiting voltage-gated potassium channels and consequently its dual functionality. At first, we determined the solution structure of PPTI via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Then by homology modeling, we constructed the model structure of trypsin-PPTI complex to confirm the same interaction pattern as trypsin-BPTI at complex interface. Finally, by Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations of PPTI NMR derived ensemble structure as ligand against homology model of human Kv1.1 potassium channel as receptor, we evaluated the potential DTX-like activity of PPTI. The results of our study support the proposed dual functionality of PPTI.

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KEYWORDS ABSTRACT Cervical CancerHuman PapillomavirusAmplification-refractory mutation system p53 geneSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismsBackground and Objectives: The present study investigated the correlation between p53 gene codon 72 polymorphism and 6 other genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in patients with cervical cancer infected by HPV.Methods: 450 patients with cervical cancer (280 Squamous cell carcinoma and 170 Adenocarcinoma) were followed at hospitals in Iran from Dec. 2014 to Apr. 2015. Moreover, 100 age/sex-matched was used as the control group. HPV was detected by LINEAR ARRAY® HPV Genotyping Test. Allelic frequency of 6 gene polymorphisms was detected by the amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS).Results: From 450 patients, 408 cases (90.66%) were positive for HPV. Four genotypes were observed as single infections (16, 18, 31, and 45). The most common genotypes were HPV-16 (73.52%), HPV-18 (23.28%), HPV-31 and 45 (3.17%), respectively. 306 samples were arginine-arginine homozygous (70.6% and 71.4% of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively), 70 cases were arginine-proline heterozygous (17.6% of adenocarcinoma and 23.8% of squamous cell carcinoma), and 20 cases were as proline-proline homozygous (11.8% and 4.8% of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively).Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV was 84% and that was the estimation of the Global Burden among Iranian patients with cervical cancer (85% -99%). There was no correlation between mutations in the p53 allele and the size/type of tumors, while we found a correlation between mutations in p53 alleles and age. Therefore, XRCC1 G399A SNP and TP53 G72C SNP were significantly correlated with the cervical cancer.Article Info