Four known butenolides were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of the culture broth of the marine-derived bacterium, Streptoverticillium luteoverticillatum, by bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data. The absolute configuration of compound (1) was determined by CD spectrum for the first time. Compounds 1-4 showed in vitro cytotoxicity against the murine lymphoma P388 and human leukemia K562 cell lines. This is the first report on the isolation of butenolides from the marine bacterium, Streptoverticillium luteoverticillatum, and their cytotoxic activities.

This study was designed to investigate the immunomodulating effect of polysaccharides purified from the fruit body of Pholiota adipose(PFBP). PFBP were extracted in 90°C water bath and precipitated with 90% ethanol. PFBP were orally administered at different dose to three different doses were administered to the normal group, NS group and the model group. The immunomodulating effect of PFBP was evaluated by measuring its effects on the weights of spleen and liver, delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) response, the hemolysin level in serum and carbon expurgation level. Polysaccharide content purified from fruit body of Pholiota adipose was up to 72.88% . PFBP administered at different doses significantly improved the weights of the mouse’s spleen and live, as well as the level of carbon expurgation. Administered polysaccharides also had positive effect on DTH response and the hemolysin level in serum. These results suggest that PFBP may have immunomodulating potential for cylophosphamide.

In this paper, the biological characteristics of Pholiota adiposa were systematically studied. The results showed that the ideal temperature range for growth is from 20 °C to 25°C, with optimal temperature at 25°C; the optimal light condition is full darkness; the ideal pH range for growth is from 5 to 9, with optimal pH at 6; the preferred carbon source is sucrose, followed by glucose; the preferred nitrogen source is potassium nitrate, glutamic acid. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) was sequenced to determine whether the DNA sequence data supported the experimental result. The phylogenetic tree for the 19 pieces of homologous sequences were analyzed, with the highest homology reaching 99%.