This research method is a 4-D model that has stages which include: 1) defining, 2) design, 3) development and 4) dissemination. Respondents tested a limited instrument involving 21 fourth grade students in elementary school. The results of this study obtained an assessment from experts in the validation of linguistic intelligence instruments with an average of 3.5 with worthiness of 86.75 in the very feasible category. The next activity is the stage of developing instruments to assess linguistic intelligence and then a limited trial of 21 students with the results of linguistic intelligence obtained by students 1 (4.8%) female students who have very high linguistic intelligence, 7 (33.33%) students who linguistic intelligence with a high category, 11 (52.4%) students who have linguistic intelligence with a high enough category and 2 (9.5%) students who have linguistic intelligence with a low category. It can be concluded that the instrument for assessing linguistic intelligence in elementary school students can be used on a broad scale

Critical thinking is sensible thinking that focuses on deciding what they should do. This research method uses the 4-D model proposed by Thiagarajan and Semmel with four stages consisting of define, design, development and disseminate. This study only evaluates validators in the value of test instruments with research results assessed by validators about the contents of critical thinking test instruments with an average of 87.5 in the very feasible category, while in the validation results the presentace of critical thinking assessment instruments with an average of 98% in the very feasible category. For this reason, it was concluded that the critical thinking test reading instrument with graphic organizer media was appropriate to be used to measure students' abilities in critical thinking.

Linguistic intelligence is one of eight multiple intelligences that currently attracts attention in the world of education. Linguistic intelligence is a person's ability to speak both verbally and in writing, besides that people who have linguistic intelligence also master the components of linguistic intelligence which consists of phonology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The type of research used is research and development (R & D) with a 4D model. The subjects in this study were experts as validators, fifth grade students for trials and homeroom teachers in elementary schools. Data collection is done by giving a questionnaire to the validator. In this study the researchers concluded that the product of the developed linguistic intelligence assessment instrument was declared feasible to be used based on the results of validation of 86% with very feasible categories. The obstacle in developing the product of this instrument of linguistic intelligence assessment is the lack of knowledge of the school about the importance of linguistic intelligence for students in elementary schools.

This research was motivated by the results of observations that students' learning activities were still low. This was due to the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world so that the learning process was carried out online. The online learning process did not stimulate students to carry out learning activities so that the students' learning activities were low. This study aimed to increase students' learning activities by using Cooperative learning model of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type assisted by the snake and ladder game media. This research was classroom action research consisting of two cycles with 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were 31 students of class VB. The data collection method used in this research was observation. The results showed that the average percentage of students' learning activities classically increased. This was seen from the results of observations of students' learning activities in cycle 1 which was 64.52% and in cycle 2 for 85.28%. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that using TGT type cooperative model with snakes and ladders game media improved students' learning activities.