The EAT-10 has displayed excellent internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, and criterion-based validity. The normative data suggest that an EAT-10 score of 3 or higher is abnormal. The instrument may be utilized to document the initial dysphagia severity and monitor the treatment response in persons with a wide array of swallowing disorders.

The 585nm PDL is a promising tool for in-office treatment of various laryngeal disorders. Complications are rare.

Individuals must be warned that ESS may not be a long-term solution for CS because of its chronic nature. Patients are relieved of their symptoms initially; however, these tend to recur over a 3-year period. Samter's Triad is the strongest determinant of long-term treatment failure. Asthma also is a determinant of treatment failure, which lends credence to the notion of combined airway disease. Allergy was not a strong determinant of treatment failure in our study.

These data support the hypothesis that antiphospholipid antibodies are involved in the pathogenesis of some forms of inner ear dysfunction, presumably by causing microthrombus formation in the labyrinthine vasculature. Basic science studies are required to better understand the mechanisms by which antiphospholipid antibodies mediate inner ear dysfunction. Clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of anticoagulation in this group of patients are also required.

Exposure to HDMA was associated with eosinophilia in the supraglottis. Exposure to HDMA and ETS was associated with elevated mucin in the subglottis. These results provide further evidence that ETS and inhaled allergens may play a role in the development of chronic laryngitis.