a b s t r a c tThe objective of this work was promote oxidation of b-glucan from oat bran with hydrogen peroxide at different concentration levels (0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9% H 2 O 2 ) and reaction times (30 and 60 min), and evaluate the physicochemical and functional properties of isedoxidised b-glucan with in-vitro tests. An increase in carbonyl and carboxyl groups and alterations in swelling power were verified in the oxidised b-glucan. The cholic acid binding capacity increased in the oxidised b-glucan; however, the fat binding capacity was not affected. After chemical digestion, the available glucose of the oxidised b-glucan was increased. Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide decreased the viscosity, hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess of the b-glucan gels. More studies are necessary to determine the effect of the oxidative treatment of b-glucan on its technological properties in food products, and biological properties should be examined with in-vivo studies.
In the last decades, the management of innovation has achieved increasing importance in both academic and business environments. For the companies, an effective engagement in innovation efforts involves the adoption of management models to guide the definition of organizational processes to conduct innovation opportunities throughout the organization. In this context, graphical representations can strongly communicate the central propositions of each model, accelerating the diffusion and influence of such models in both academic and business environments. Based on an academic database search, and snowball procedure, models were selected considering the unique characteristics of their graphical representation. This article contributes to the knowledge in the field by proposing a typology of innovation management models, highlighting model's biases, gaps, strengths and weaknesses, and by identifying important tensions among models that spillover to the innovation management field in both research and practice. This article discusses conflicts regarding the limits of the innovation process (events that start and end the process and complementary approaches), the limits of focusing on processes, the differentiation of research and development and new product development activities. In the end, the article addresses emerging approaches related to radical innovation, design thinking and startups, and stresses contributions for research and practice.
a *deboraoliveira@usp.br, USP, Brasil b rbagno@usp.br, USP, Brasil c msalerno@usp.br, USP, Brasil ResumoA gestão da inovação tem ocupado posição central nos meios acadêmico e empresarial. Entretanto, a implantação de uma gestão da inovação eficaz passa necessariamente pela adoção de modelos que norteiem a construção de processos organizacionais através dos quais a inovação deve ser conduzida. Modelos com esse propósito têm sido publicados nas últimas décadas e refletem a grande pluralidade de abordagens -consequência da gestão da inovação enquanto área multidisciplinar. Pressupostos e propósitos específicos sobre os quais cada modelo é construído, tipos de organizações envolvidas e objetivos específicos refletem particularidades dos estudos na área. O presente texto apresenta um levantamento bibliográfico do tema realizado a partir de buscas em bases de dados acadêmicas, identificação dos modelos clássicos de gestão da inovação através do número de citações e livros do acervo de universidades brasileiras. A partir de tal levantamento se conduz uma análise crítica e comparativa de vários modelos de gestão da inovação. O trabalho traz compreensão sobre como a literatura modela o processo de gestão da inovação, quais são suas fases, em que pressupostos se fundamentam e quais outros fatores organizacionais constituem tal processo. Ao final discutem-se os pontos convergentes e divergentes, suas implicações para a gestão da inovação nas organizações e questões para aprofundamento em novos estudos.
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