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Background: Electronic noses have recently developed as a part of nanotechnology-based devices to cater to different needs in the field of biomedical sciences. Objective: To have a detailed idea regarding the various uses of electronic noses in the early detection of diseases, food spoilage, etc., we need to explore multiple studies. Methods: Chiefly, biosensors for detecting different volatile organic compounds responsible for different diseases exerted from the lungs are developed based on electronic noses. The difference in the breath pattern of normal individuals and diseased individuals who have cancer, CVD, diabetes, neurological disorders, etc. can be differentiated using the electronic nose. Results: In the field of food industry, bacterial contamination and other kinds of food spoilage can be detected at an early stage by detecting the pattern of evolved gases from these food items using the electronic nose. Conclusion: Thus, there are versatile applications of electronic noses in the early diagnosis of life-threatening diseases, chemical industry, food industries, etc., which will be discussed in this review.

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Background: Essential oils that are extracted from plants have shown beneficial effects on humans and animals, evidenced by traditional medicine. They possess many essential phytocomponents that act as antimicrobial agents, and most of them are safe for external usage. Introduction: Lemongrass essential oil is extracted from the grass, such as Cymbopogon flexuosus, and is used for the antimicrobial activity for a long time. The efficacy of this oil is limited due to the poor solubility and microbial penetration, easy vaporization, and lower stability. Nanoformulations and nanoencapsulations are a field of nanotechnology that aims to improve the bioavailability of many natural compounds and enhances the stability of compounds. Lemongrass oil has also been nanoformulated as nanoemulsion, and various antimicrobial activities against various pathogens have been demonstrated, which are superior to free lemongrass oil. Methodology: We have used the search engines PubMed and Google Scholar for the mentioned keywords and selected the recent references related to this topic.Conclusion: In this review we have discussed various antimicrobial properties of lemongrass essential oil nanoemulsion and its application, such as antibacterial, antifungal, pesticidal, food preservative, and antibiofilm activity.