Background: Musculoskeletal complications of diabetes have been generally ignored and poorly treated as compared to other complications. Hence we carried out this study to find the prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestations in type II diabetes mellitus and its correlation with age, BMI, duration of diabetes, and control of diabetes.Methods: 100 consecutive patients of type II diabetes were studied. Duration of diabetes, control of diabetes, and any musculoskeletal complaints were noted. Complete examination with special reference to BMI, waist circumference and waist hip ratio was done. Fasting and postprandial blood sugar and HbA1c was estimated. Correlation of musculoskeletal manifestations with age, BMI, duration of diabetes, and control of diabetes was evaluated and statistical analysis was done.Results: Study shows that the prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestations was 42%. Difficulty with stairs (73 cases) and joint pain (87cases) were the commonest difficulties patients experienced. Most common affected joint was shoulder joint (56%). Adhesive capsulitis (28 cases), tendonitis (15 cases), limited joint mobility (3 cases) were commonest musculoskeletal manifestations. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between musculoskeletal 
manifestations and age (odds ratio: 4.4), BMI (odds ratio: 9.6), and control of diabetes (odds ratio: 2.61). There was a positive correlation between duration of diabetes and the presence of musculoskeletal manifestations; however it was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Musculoskeletal manifestations are frequent in Type 2 diabetics and have a positive correlation with age, duration of diabetes, control of diabetes, and BMI.

Background: India, the second most populous country is facing demographic transition. cognitive decline is one of the normative changes of aging; however, this may impact both physical and mental health of an individual. Quality of life is one of the measures of successful aging. This study was conducted to correlate the level of cognition and quality of life in elderly population. Our aim was to assess quality of life in geriatric population using OPQOL-35 and to assess cognitive assessment by MOCA and determine correlation of cognitive level with quality of life (QoL).Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 110 elderly adults (above the age of 60 years. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was administered to assess the cognitive level. QoL was assessed by OPQOL-35.Results: Significant positive correlation was noted between quality of life and level of cognition scoring (with        correlation coefficient 0.234).Conclusions: The study concluded that the level of cognition and quality of life of elderly adults are in positive correlation with each other. community level screening of elderly for cognitive dysfunction can be made even in resource poor settings. Early identification and referral of elderly with cognitive dysfunction will ensure successful aging.

Organophosphorus (OP) pesticide poisoning which is common in rural India, usually presents with acute cholinergic crisis, which is due to increased acetylcholine because of the inhibition of the enzyme acetyl-cholinesterase. Central Nervous System (CNS) manifestations are rare, and even rarer is the presentation with extrapyramidal symptoms. The authors report a case of organophosphorus poisoning presenting with torticollis 4 days after organophosphorus exposure. The patient had inhalational exposure to organophosphorus compound while spraying in the elds and developed intermediate syndrome 4 days later. But rather than having respiratory depression, the patient developed torticollis. The patient was successfully managed with Inj Pralidoxime and supportive care. We wish to bring awareness in the medical profession and the general public regarding this rare but life threatening presentation of organophosphorus poisoning.

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Introduction:HIV/AIDS pandemic is evolving as a major public concern. Cardiovascular diseases are common in HIV-positive patients. Many patients without any symptoms or signs were found to have a cardiovascular disease on autopsy.It is expected that the risk of cardiovascular disease willrise in the following years due to the cardiovascular risk profile andincreased life expectancy of infected patients. Therefore,diagnosis andtherapy of HIV-associated cardiovascular diseases should be part of the evaluation and management of the HIV-positive patient. Objectives: To find out the frequency of cardiac manifestations on clinical examination, electrocardiography, chest X-ray, and echocardiographic examination. To assess the association of Cardiac abnormality with CD4 Count in patients with HIV/AIDS. Toevaluate the association between cardiac abnormalities with types and duration of antiretroviral therapy regimen (ART). Method:A total of 100 consecutive patients visiting ART OPD and admitted to our institute were examined for signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease. All patients were evaluated with electrocardiography, chest X-ray, and 2 D echocardiography. CD4 count was measured for all patients using flowcytometry using a BD FACS Count system. Results:Out of 100 patients, 53% were male and 47% were female. Patients were divided into subgroups with CD4 count <200, 200-349, 350-499, and ≥500. The mean CD4 count was 403.62 ± 284.98. Prevalence of the cardiovascular abnormality on ECG, chest X-ray, and echocardiography were 74%, 10%, and 51% respectively. The left ventricular systolic dysfunction was the most common finding in our study with fractional shortening ≤25% in 34% of patients and LVEF <50% in 27% of patients followed by left ventricular diastolic function (26%), dilated cardiomyopathy (6%), pulmonary hypertension (4%), and regional wall motion abnormality (2%).Reduced LV ejection fraction (<50%) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were statistically significant in patients with CD4 count less than 200/mm3. Conclusion: In present study electrocardiographic, chest X-ray and echocardiographic abnormalities were present in 74%, 10% and 51% patients respectively. Cardiac abnormalities such as QTc prolongation, LBBB, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were more significantly higher in patients with CD4 count less than 200/mm3. We could not find any statistically significant difference in cardiac abnormalities in patients on different ART regimens. Further studies are required with a higher sample size.