Abstract. Maretta D, Sobir Helianti I, Purwono, Santosa E. 2020. Genetic diversity in Eddoe Taro (Colocasia esculenta var antiquorum) from Indonesia based on morphological and nutritional characteristics. Biodiversitas 21: 3525-3533. Low yield uniformity and quality due to genetic performance become negative incentives to farmers in Eddoe Taro production. However, genetic evaluation is rarely been reported in this taro type in Indonesia. In this study, 14 eddoe genotypes collected from different regions in Indonesia were evaluated to develop a diversity map for crop improvement and future breeding activities. The genotypes were planted in the open field from September 2018 to March 2019 at the experimental station belonging to LAPTIAB-BPPT, PUSPITEK at South Tangerang District, Indonesia. Morphological and nutritional characters were accessed on the shoot and underground parts. The genotypes exhibited variation in 38 out of 48 characters in which 12 quantitative characters were distinct including oxalate level. The study revealed three findings: (i) Characters related to growth and yield had high genotypic variance coefficients, i.e., sheath length, total petiole length, plant height, number of suckers, corm and cormels weight, (ii) Genotypes clustered into two separate groups as introduced and landraces, and (iii) Landraces had high genetic variation leading to speculation of high clonal variation. Considering the findings, accession S6, S7, S18, S30, and S36 are recommended for further studies in crop improvement purposes.

Taro or Satoimo (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott var antiquorum) is an alternative of non-rice food. To support saitomo mass cultivation in several regions in Indonesia, shoot multiplication and induction of satoimo microtuber through in vitro technique is amongst the stage to be undertaken. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of BAP (benzylaminopurine) and sucrose for shoot multiplication and microtuber induction of in vitro culture of satoimo. The experiment was arranged in two factors: BAP (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg/L) and sucrose (30, 60, 90 and 120 g/L). The result showed that the single effect of BAP or sucrose and interaction of both significantly increased the number of shoots. The effect of 2 mg/L BAP was more homogeneous than that of 1 and 3 mg/L BAP. Sucrose with the concentration of 30 g/L was the best concentration for shoot multiplication. The highest number of microtuber was achieved with 2 mg/L BAP + 30 g/L sucrose treatments, but tended to decrease due to increasing sucrose concentration. In 2 and 3 mg/L BAP treatments, the number of microtuber increased along with the increasing sucrose concentration.Keywords: satoimo, in vitro shoot, microtuber, benzylaminopurine, sucrose ABSTRAKSatoimo (Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott var antiquorum) merupakan bahan pangan alternatif non-beras. Untuk mendukung produksi massal satoimo di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia, multiplikasi tunas dan induksi umbi mikro secara in vitro merupakan tahapan yang harus dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh BAP dan sukrosa terhadap multiplikasi tunas dan induksi umbi mikro satoimo dalam kultur in vitro. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 taraf konsentrasi BAP (0, 1, 2 dan 3 mg/L) dan 4 taraf konsentrasi sukrosa (30, 60, 90 dan 120 g/L). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BAP dan sukrosa secara tunggal serta interaksinya berpengaruh nyata terhadap multiplikasi tunas in vitro. Pengaruh konsentrasi BAP 2 mg/L lebih homogen dibandingkan perlakuan BAP 1 dan 3 mg/L. Sukrosa 30 g/L merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas. Umbi mikro terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan BAP 1 mg/L + sukrosa 30 g/L tetapi cenderung mengalami penurunan jika konsentrasi sukrosa dinaikkan pada konsentrasi BAP tetap. Pada perlakuan BAP 2 dan 3 mg/L jumlah umbi mikro yang terbentuk cenderung meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi sukrosa.Kata kunci: satoimo, tunas in vitro, umbi mikro, benzilaminopurin, sukrosa

Indonesia is a tropical country that experiences the impact of climate change. The utilization of taro as an amphibian crop might sustain the food availability for the most vulnerable farmers against the negative impact of climate change. The study aims to evaluate the current status of taro utilization and production as local food concerning food diversification, sustainable agriculture, and climate change issues. Data were obtained from a focus group discussion with primary stakeholders of the taro value chain and literature review. Results show that taro is an important secondary food in some regions with three main uses as local consumption, local trading, and export. Prominent taro consumers existed in West Papua, Papua, Maluku, and Central Sulawesi Provinces with consumption rates 10.6, 5.3, 2.2, and 2.0 kg/capita/year, respectively. Taro was intensively cultivated in Banten, West Java, and South Sulawesi provinces, for fresh and processed products. The respondents agree with taro as a prospective adaptive crop to climate change of both drought and excess precipitation. There are some issues in the biodiversity conservation, crop improvement, link-match industry, and stakeholder capacity building for competitive, quality, quantity, and sustainable production, as future works in the taro value chain in Indonesia.

Teknik sambung pucuk banyak dilakukan oleh petani kakao  karena dinilai  mudah, murah dan tidak membutuhkan sarana dan peralatan khusus. Hasil kajian peran hormon dalam interaksi batang bawah (rootstock) dan batang atas (scion) pada proses penyambungan dapat  dimanfatkan untuk penyempurnaan teknik penyambungan tanaman kakao. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zat pengatur tumbuh tanaman (ZPT) golongan sitokinin, auksin dan giberelin terhadap pembentukan tunas pada batang atas tanaman sambung pucuk kakao. Penelitian terdiri dari dua percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok. Sebagai perlakuan pada percobaan pertama adalah 12 taraf kombinasi ZPT golongan sitokinin dan auksin sedangkan pada percobaan kedua adalah 12 taraf kombinasi ZPT golongan sitokinin dan giberelin. Teknik sambung konvensional tanpa penggunaan ZPT digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zat pengatur tumbuh yang diaplikasikan pada entres sehari sebelum penyambungan berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase pembentukan tunas. Persentase pembentukan tunas  pada batang atas tanaman hasil sambung lebih tinggi pada perlakuan aplikasi sitokinin tanpa penambahan auksin maupun giberelin. Perlakuan aplikasi ZPT belum berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan panjang tunas baru pada batang atas. Kata kunci: ZPT, batang bawah,  tunas trubus, sitokinin, sambung pucuk

Fresh taro and its processed products have been produced in Bogor for decades. It has become a popular commodity from this city and evoked an image of Bogor. The essential component of this issue is the sustainability of taro farming, and farmers are the major preserver who has primary decision-making in agricultural management. It assumes there were unusual agricultural practices that promote the long-term viability of taro cultivation. Farmers’ consideration of taro cultivation and their on-farm activities were observed, and the impacted-on sustainability was studied. We surveyed 30 taro farmers in 8 districts Bogor with a rapid rural appraisal and field observation to validate the obtained data and plant diversity analysis. The result showed that taro has provided more income for farmers, and they prefer an intercropping approach in taro farming. Seed availability was the main consideration of farmers in cultivating this plant consistently for a long time. The seed rotation by seed sharing between farmer’s communities was the mechanism of seed exchange and spread of taro cultivars. There was also found the diversity of taro that divided into three groups similarities and simply to distinguish by the plant stature, color of petioles and corms cross-section.