BACKGROUND<br />Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease associated with increased free fatty acids, trans fatty acids and free radical compounds due to the consumption of deep frying oil (DFO). Ginger has hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties, and acts as an insulin sensitizer. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of an ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale Roxb var rubrum (EEZO) in DFO-fed male Wistar rats.<br /><br />METHODS<br />A study of experimental design was conducted involving 24 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) male Wistar rats that were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group K1 (control) was given DFO-3 (3 times heated DFO) at a dose of 10 ìl/g BW/day. The treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) were given DFO-3 and red ginger rhizome extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW orally for 30 days. The histopathology examination assessed fatty degeneration, and degree of fibrosis. The data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-whitney test.<br /><br />RESULTS    <br />The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that fatty degeneration (steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning and NASH) were significantly different among the four groups (p&lt;0.05). Mann-Whitney test proved that fatty degeneration was not significantly different between control and treatment groups (p&gt;0.05).<br /><br />CONCLUSION<br />Deep frying oil increased fatty degeneration and NASH, and none of red ginger rhizome extract doses was able to inhibit fatty degeneration significantly. For the future research it is intended to prolong the induction time and the administration of red ginger rhizome extract.

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine of Th2 response and plays a role as a reducer or silencer of Th1 work. It is more related to allergic processes, with consequent loss of control of the disease (i.e., tuberculosis). Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a Type II interferon that inhibits Th2 immune response and inducts Th1 immune response to inhibit tuberculous and viral replication, and any immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects. Dark specks (DS) are in the background of eosinophilic granular material seen in aspirations of tuberculous lymphadenitis stained with May–Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). A lesion with DS festers and the disease worsens. AIM: This study determines whether the expression of IL-4 is associated with disease severity and compares incidences of expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in DS lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study includes 100 diagnostic cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis, which were not successfully treated with common antibiotics, but responded to anti-tuberculous drugs (ex juvantibus diagnosis). Out of the 100 cases, 59 cases were with DS and 41 cases were without DS. Out of the 59 cases with DS, 49 cases were IL-4 positive (+) and 10 cases IL-4 negative (–). Of the 41 cases without DS, 10 cases were IL-4 (+) and 31 cases were IL-4 (–). Out of the 59 cases of DS, there were 31 cases with expressions of IL-4 (+) and IFN-γ (–); zero case with IL-4 (–) and IFN-γ (+); 18 cases with IL-4 (+) and IFN-γ (+); and 10 cases with IL-4 (–) and IFN-γ (–). Antigen expressions were determined using rabbit polyclonal to IL-4 (IL-4, ab9622) and rabbit polyclonal to IFN-γ (IFN-γ, ab9657), Abcam. Statistical evaluations were performed using the Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Any p < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS: Expression of IL-4 significantly associated with disease severity, compared to IFN-γ expression (p < 0.05). In lesions with DS, IL-4 is more frequently expressed compared with IFN-γ. CONCLUSION: IL-4 can be a beneficial indicator of the severity of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan teknologi di semua bidang, termasuk laboratorium patologi anatomik, maka laboratorium patologi anatomik FK USU juga harus ikut berperan terhadap segala perubahan, terutama dalam hal kepentingan USU, baik dalam hal akreditasi maupun usaha meningkatkan pendapatan melalui unit usaha mandiri. Potensi yang dimiliki unit usaha pelayanan patologi anatomik sangat besar untuk dikembangkan, diantaranya pelayanan patologi anatomik terhadap pasien dan masyarakat, pendidikan dan penelitian terhadap mahasiswa, ini semua harus difasilitasi dan dikembangkan dengan cara dukungan unit usaha berbasis sistem teknologi informasi. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi pada program ini, diantaranya keterbatasan tenaga kesehatan dan peralatan.Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kunjungan pasien dan penghasilan laboratorium patologi anatomik FK USU, solusi berupa perbaikan manajemen professional dan promosi laboratorium patologi anatomik yang dapat melakukan pelayanan yang lebih lengkap berbasis biologi molekuler dan teknologi informatika untuk kepentingan akreditasi dan pendapatan dari unit usaha pelayanan patologi anatomik FK USU. Tahun 2021 kita harapkan unit usaha ini telah berkembang sebagi laboratorium patologi anatomik dengan pemeriksaan biologi molekuler dan menjadi pusat konsultasi berbasis web dan teknologi informatika. Kata kunci: Laboratorium, Patologi Anatomik, Web, Teknologi Informatika

Background: Young breast cancer patients (≤40 years) have different unifying oncogenic signaling pathways when compared to older people. Vimentin is a filament intermediate. Vimentin expression has an important role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between vimentin intensity and clinicopathological parameters in patients with triple negative breast cancer aged 40 years. Methods: Samples were taken from 45 paraffin blocks of patients with young woman with triple negative invasive breast cancer NOS type that met the inclusion criteria, immunohistochemical examination was performed with vimentin. Vimentin intensity was assessed using ImageJ analysis. Results: Samples were taken from paraffin blocks of patients with triple negative invasive breast cancer NOS type that met the inclusion criteria, immunohistochemical examination was performed with vimentin. Vimentin intensity was assessed using ImageJ analysis, Conclusion: This study shows that vimentin intensity is strongly associated with tumor progression, tumor mass size and tumor invasion so that it can be used as a prognostic factor in young triple negative breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: We noticed some smears being cytologically diagnosed as common chronic lymphadenitis that cannot be treated with ordinary antibiotics, but succeeded with the anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD), even though it takes longer, up to a year or more. Re-examining the MGG smears, we got cases that show the structure, we call Dark Oval Bodies (DOB). Most of DOB smears express Interferon (IFN)-γ. IFN-γ _plays a role in the protection of infection while interleukin (IL)-4 in the opposite. AIM: The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference between an expression of IFN-γ _and IL-4 in DOB and whether IFN-γ _is associated with the protection of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Included in this study 41 cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy with DOB that were not successfully treated with common antibiotics but succeeded with ATD. Antigen expression was determined using rabbit polyclonal to IFN-γ, (ab9657), and IL-4 (ab9622), Abcam. The expression was categorized as positive and negative. The details of the 41 cases were 37 cases (90%) with IFN-γ _(+), 4 (10%) with IFN-γ _(-), 10 (24%) with IL-4 (+), and 31 (76%) with IL-4 (-). Thirty cases expressed IFN-γ _(+) and IL-4 (-), 1: IFN-γ _(-) and IL-4 (+), 8: IFN-γ _(+) and IL-4 (+), and 2: IFN-γ _(-) and IL-4 (-). RESULTS: IFN-γ _is more frequently expressed in DOB compared to IL-4 (p<0.05, the Fisher’s exact tests). CONCLUSION: IFN-γ _can be benefited as the indicator of protection to the tuberculous process.