A observação de casos reais fornece informações úteis para empresas interessadas em equacionar seus problemas ambientais. The observation of real cases brings useful information to the companies interested in evaluating their enuironmental problems. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Variável Essa mudança se consubstancia no fato de que, como enfatiza Ashen 1, apesar do visível sucesso obtido pelo sistema capitalista, em conseqüência de uma eficiente combinação de ciência e tecnologia e de uma eficaz administração dos recursos, quando confrontamos seus resultados econômicos e monetários com outros resultados sociais, tais como redução da pobreza, degradação de áreas urbanas, controle da poluição, diminuição das ineqüidades sociais, entre outros, verifica-se que ainda há muito a ser conseguido. Dessa forma, a sociedade tem exigido, por parte das organizações, um posicionamento mais adequado e responsável, no sentido de minimizar a diferença verificada entre os resultados econômicos e sociais.Entre as diversas reivindicações exigidas pela sociedade, que afetam o mundo dos negócios, a preocupação ecológica tem ganho um destaque significativo em face de sua relevância para a qualidade de vida das populações, o que tem exigido das empresas, um novo posicionamento em sua interação com o meio ambiente.Segundo Rox0 2 , a Carta de Princípios sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável, elaborada pela Câmara de Comércio Internacional e lançada no dia 10/04/1991, representa um grande avanço no gerenciamento ambiental na indústria desde os primórdios da industrialização.As primeiras indústrias surgiram em uma época em que os problemas ambientais eram de pequena expressão, em virtude das reduzidas escalas de produção e das populações comparativamente menores e pouco concentradas. As exigências ambientais eram poucas e a fumaça das chaminés era um símbolo de progresso, apregoada orgulhosamente na propaganda de diversas indústrias. CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A INFLUÊNCIA DA VARIÁVEL AMBIENTAL NA EMPRESAo agravamento dos problemas ambientais veio alterar profundamente este quadro, gerando um nível crescente de exigên-cias. A nova consciência ambiental, surgida no bojo das transformações culturais que ocorreram nas décadas de 60 e 70, ganhou dimensão e situou a proteção do meio ambiente como um dos princípios mais fundamentais do homem moderno. Na nova cultura, a fumaça passou a ser vista como anomalia e não mais como uma vantagem.Dessa forma, as empresas passaram a se preocupar com a questão ambiental e procuraram desenvolver atividades no sentido de atender a essa nova crescente demanda de seu ambiente externo.Em função disto, verifica-se que as respostas da indústria ao novo desafio ocorrem em três fases, muitas vezes superpostas, dependendo do grau de conscientização da questão ambiental dentro da empresa: controle ambiental nas saídas, integração do controle ambiental nas práticas e processos industriais, e integração do controle ambiental na gestão administrativa. Algumas organizações se perfilam na primeira fase, enquanto a maioria se encontra na segunda fas...
The present study aimed to identify attributes related to the attraction of customers in retail business clusters, according the perception of clients. Based on the attractiveness of customers to stores, developed a construct for evaluating the attractiveness of clusters for customers. Through quantitative-descriptive study among 240 consumers in two recognized retail business clusters, using the technique of PLS-PM (Partial Least Squares Path Modeling), we evaluated the relationship between the attractiveness of customers (variable reflective) and dimensions of retailer cluster (latent variables) from the treatment of observable effects indicators. The main results showed that: (1) attractiveness is significantly associated with latent variables, suggesting robustness of the model, (2) terms of purchase and price were dimensions associated with greater attractiveness to the customer, although stores, products and services have relevance, and (3) location presented as a dimension less correlated to attractiveness to customers of both clusters.
Purpose This study aims to measure the degree of innovation of micro and small industrial companies in the West and Southwest metropolitan regions of the city of São Paulo, through a survey with 203 firms in the metallurgy sector. Design/methodology/approach The research had a quantitative and descriptive focus and used as methodology the validated and international approach known as Innovation Radar. Findings The degree of innovation in these micro and small companies is low; thus, the authors could not characterize them as systemic innovators. Most of them are little innovative, although some were classified as occasional innovators. The dimensions organization, processes, presence, supply chain and added value were the least developed. Research limitations/implications To carry out similar studies in other Brazilian regions, to compare results and draw new conclusions, or even check if the degree of innovation present in micro-firms of these regions would not be even lower; to monitor the evolution of companies through a longitudinal study, to detect improvements in the degree of innovation; and to conduct a qualitative research that can deepen questions on the results of our study, such as the reasons why this type of company does not adopt innovative practices, or even the real suitability of the Innovation Radar model for micro and small enterprises (MSEs). We observed that some dimensions proved to be too sophisticated for these companies, such as R&D investments and the adoption of technological advances. Practical implications The study shows that the degree of innovation measured by the Innovation Radar is a useful and initial measure to check an innovative attitude in micro and small companies. It can also drive the actions that should be prioritized to stimulate the culture of innovation in SME. However, it does not allow to answer why this type of organization does not adopt innovative practices as a management attitude. Regarding its contribution, the authors expect that the paper may bring an awareness of managers and owners of micro and small companies for the need to foster innovative practices that can help increase the competitiveness and survival of this type of organization. Social implications In Brazil, despite the fact that MSEs represent 98 per cent of the existing companies, and are mainly responsible for job creation, their leaders have a low concern for innovative practices. Originality/value The study contributes to identify the degree of innovation of these firms, which comprise a representative and strategic segment of the city’s economy, by checking to what extent an innovative attitude is effectively present in this sector. The theoretical contribution of this study regards the appropriateness of mechanisms or methodologies created to measure the degree of innovation in large organizations. Dimensions such as technological platform, brand, innovative ambience, degree of organization or systematization of processes, which are frequently considered for companies in general, and especially for large ones, are not sufficient or, instead, too sophisticated to allow an effective measurement of the degree of innovation in MSE. Thus, this study provides information for designing more effective ways to evaluate the degree of innovation that take into account MSE’s specificities, which can be considered innovation efforts, such as simple process improvements, professional development of teams, and actions to seize ideas and opportunities, among others.
RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo é verificar a percepção dos professores sobre o impacto do uso da tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) na aprendizagem dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva feita por meio de estudo de caso único em uma escola de Ensino Fundamental de São Caetano do Sul (SP), tendo sido aplicado questionário semi--estruturado junto a doze professores. Os principais resultados evidenciaram que as ferramentas de TIC introduzidas possibilitaram a consulta, pesquisa e produção de informações, viabilização de comunicação e intercâmbio dessas informações entre os participantes (gestão escolar, professores e alunos), além de permitir o desenvolvimento das disciplinas e projetos. Paradoxalmente, embora a utilização de ferramentas de TIC seja grande, a maior parte dos professores (91,7%) pesquisados não possui formação especializada, o que causa, na opinião dos respondentes, a subutilização das ferramentas. PALAVRAS--CHAVE: Comunicação. Educação. Gestão Pública. Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação. IMPACTS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF SÃO CAETANO DO SUL (SP) ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to verify the perception of teachers about the impact of the use of information technology and communication (ITC) in learning of elementary school students. This is a descriptive qualitative research by means of a single case study in a Primary School in São Caetano do Sul (SP) and applied semi--structured questionnaire with twelve teachers. The main results showed that the ITC tools made possible the consultation, exploration and production of information, enabling communication and exchange of such information among the participants (school management, teachers and students), and allows the development of disciplines and projects. Paradoxically, although the use of ITC tools is large, most of the teachers (91.7%) surveyed do not have specialized training, which causes, in the opinion of respondents, the under--utilization of tools.
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