The objective of this work was to select cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) tree progenies and individuals based on their agronomic traits, and, indirectly, to identify those adapted to an agroforestry system (AFS) environment in the Brazilian Amazon. For this purpose, 25 full-sib progenies were planted and tested in consortium with black pepper (Piper nigrum), banana (Musa spp.), and bacuri (Platonia insignis) trees. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with five replicates and three plants per plot, from 2005 to 2019. For the statistical analyses, the phenotypic averages for production and incidence of witches’ broom disease, evaluated during 11 harvests, were used. Superior progenies and individuals were identified using the mixed model methodology (REML/BLUP), which led to the selection of ten plants from five families with superior agronomic traits. Cupuaçu tree progenies 6, 36, 37, 49, and 52 are the ones that best adapt to the environment of a multispecies AFS in the Amazon region because of their agronomic traits under competitive conditions. Ten matrices show agronomic potential and indirect adaptation to the AFS and can be used as clonal cupuaçu cultivars in this environment.

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence and identify the egg-parasitoid species of the cassava hornworm (Erinnyis spp.) in cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz - Euphorbiaceae), facilitating their usage in the biological control as a management strategy in the Pará State. During February to December of 2016, cassava hornworm eggs were collected in the Cassava Germplasm Bank area of the Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, located at the city of Belém, State of Pará. In the laboratory, eggs were separated in viable and parasitized and were daily observed until the hatching of the caterpillars and emergence of the parasitoids. The caterpillars were reared until reaching the adult stage and the sex determined at the pupae stage. A total of 482 eggs were collected, with a higher occurrence at March, and 244 caterpillars were obtained with sex ratio of 0.52 with 191 specimens reaching adult stage. Among these adults, 95.81% were Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus) and 4.19% Erinnyis alope (Drury). A total of 1,087 parasitoids were obtained from 131 eggs and belong to four Hymenoptera families: Platygastridae (Telenomus dilophonotae Cameron), Eulophidae (Chrysonotomyia sp. aff. serjaniae), Trichogrammatidae (Trichogramma marandobai Brun, Moraes & Soares) and Encyrtidae (Ooencyrtus sp.). The Erinnyis spp. eggs were mostly parasitized by T. dilophonotae, which was classified along with T. marandobai as constant. The occurrence of these natural enemies highlights the potential for natural biological control against Erinnyis spp.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE RESUMO:O mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King) é uma Meliaceae de alto potencial econômico, encontrada nas florestas de terra firme da Amazônia brasileira, sendo uma das espécies mais exploradas no Brasil e por isso ameaçada de extinção. O estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da posição de semeadura e presença de endocarpo na emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de S. macrophylla. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes, disposto em esquema fatorial 3 × 2 (posições e endocarpo). Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes posições das sementes no substrato tendo como referência o poro germinativo: 0° -poro germinativo voltado para cima -PGC; 90° -poro germinativo voltado para o lado -PGL; 180º -poro germinativo voltado para baixo -PGB. Foram avaliados: a percentagem de emergência, tempo médio de emergência, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, altura da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz, massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz. As posições da semente afetam o percentual e o tempo médio de emergência de plântulas de S. macrophylla. A posição 0º proporciona maiores porcentagens de emergência e menor tempo médio de emergência. Para favorecer a emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de S. macrophylla, a semeadura deve ser realizada com o poro de germinação da semente voltado para cima, sem a presença do endocarpo. ABSTRACT: Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is a high economic potential Meliaceae found in an upland forest of the Brazilian Amazon, one of the most exploited species in Brazil and because of that is endangered. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing position and presence of endocarp in the emergence and initial growth of S. macrophylla seedlings. The design was completely randomized with four replications of 25 seeds, arranged in a factorial 3 × 2 (positions and endocarp

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This article presents an architecture of a reduced-size greenhouse, so-called mini-greenhouse monitored via Internet of Things (IoT). For this purpose, a prototype has been built with support of a computational system installed in its interior. So, sensors are used for monitoring and control of the variables that most influence in the development of a vegetal species. This text gives a brief description of the germination factors related on the various possibilities of its use. The proposed system has a cloud-based storage and the effective contributions of the computer system are started from the web platform, transfer the set-points to the controllers, and upload data read from sensors to the same web page.