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This paper examines trends, potential and challenges in online learning. We consider 6 online learning trends and the issues associated with the trends. These include a one sided emphasis on the technology; physical versus online presences; formal face-to-face versus distance/workplace education; mono-versus multi-lingual online learning; open source versus proprietary software; and the open standard oxymoron. The potential of online learning include 4 factors of accessibility, flexibility, interactivity, and collaboration of online learning afforded by the technology. In terms of the challenges to online learning, 6 are identified: defining online learning; proposing a new legacy of epistemology-social constructivism for all; quality assurance and standards; commitment versus innovation; copyright and intellectual property; and personal learning in social constructivism. The authors contend the necessity of developing new ways of thinking to face the challenges relating to the development of online learning

a b s t r a c tThis paper demonstrates how Tourangeau's model of survey response (Tourangeau, 1984) can be adapted to facilitate research with people with intellectual disabilities. As the focus on voice of marginalized people become increasingly important, especially when involving service outcomes and policy making, researchers in fields such as quality of life continue to seek sound research methods to present true voice of such persons. To achieve this, this paper consolidates challenges and strategies of research methods among literature and identifies additional challenges and strategies through the current study. It then describes the development of this current study, which examined the transition outcomes of youth with mild intellectual disabilities (i.e. change in status for young people after formally leaving school, from behaving primarily as students to assuming adult roles in the community). The purpose of this is to demonstrate how Tourangeau's model may be used more inclusively in conjunction with the three dimensions of Triple-I. In summary, Tourangeau's model can be a helpful tool, when used with an inclusive adaptation to facilitate many aspects of the selfreported data collecting process from the design and preparation procedures, through to the data collection.