Patients' expectations ratings significantly exceeded their satisfactions. Expectations and satisfaction ratings were irrespective of gender and patients previous experience.

This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of four bonding agents used to bond metal brackets to zirconia under different storage conditions. Four bonding agents were used [FLC: (Fuji ORTHO LC), XT: (Transbond TM XT), RUC-SBU: (Rely X TM Ultimate Clicker Adhesive Resin Cement+Single Bond Universal), and RUC-GBU: (Rely X TM Ultimate Clicker Adhesive Resin Cement+Gluma Bond Universal)] to bond two types of metal brackets (PT/3M) to zirconia surfaces, and they were stored in water at 37ºC for 24 h or thermocycling for 3,000 cycles. The SBS data of RUC-SBU and RUC-GBU using PT brackets were significantly higher than those of 3M brackets before and after thermocycling. It could be concluded that RUC-SBU and RUC-GBU could offer sufficient bond strength between metal brackets and zirconia for the short term compared with FLC and XT. The design of brackets can significantly affect the bond strength to zirconia.

c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (Met) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF/Met signaling stimulates numerous pathways, including the Ras/mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, which serve important roles in cell proliferation, survival, motility, invasion and angiogenesis, and promotes the development and progression of tumors. Aberrant HGF/Met signaling is associated with a poor prognosis in several types of tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although, the HGF/MET pathway and HGF and/or Met inhibitors have been extensively reviewed, their role in tumor immunity remains elusive. The present review article summarizes the findings on the HGF/Met signaling in HNSCC, including gene and protein alterations, biological functions and patient outcomes. Furthermore, the role of HGF/Met in tumor immunity is discussed and the controversial association between the expression of HGF/Met and the prognosis of patients with HNSCC from the perspective of tumor immunity is clarified. Ultimately, the present review proposes a clinical approach that may improve the efficacy of Met therapy for HNSCC, namely the intratumoral administration of Met inhibitors in order to reduce the inhibitory effect on immune cell recruitment. However, further studies are required to provide an improved understanding of the effects of the HGF/Met pathway on the tumor microenvironment, and the effects of HGF and Met inhibitors on immune cells in the tumor environment should be the focus of future studies. Contents 1. Introduction 2. HGF/Met signaling in HNSCC 3. HGF/Met in HNSCC tumor immunity 4. Conclusion

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of psychological intervention on edentulous patients' satisfaction with complete clinically satisfactory complete dentures. The survey was conducted in China Medical University involving 84 individuals receiving complete dentures at this institution from August 2013 to March 2014. Participants were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups consisting of 42 subjects, respectively. In the intervention group, individuals received oral health education and psychological intervention before and after the whole process. In the control group, 42 cases received doctor's regular advice after treatment. Satisfaction regarding aesthetic, speech, mastication, retention and comfort was rated in the first and third month after prosthesis treatment. Patients overall aesthetic, speech, mastication and retention were significantly improved in both intervention and control groups in 3 months later after prosthesis treatment when compared with the first month (P < 0·05). No significant difference existed for comfort in control group. Patient scores on aesthetic, speech, mastication and retention at both first and third month evaluations (P < 0·05) differed between the control and intervention groups. However, there was no difference for their scores related to comfort (P > 0·05) in first and third month. The study concludes that psychological intervention plays a significant role in improving patient satisfaction with complete dentures.

The extraction process of rhenium was investigated in the room-temperature ionic liquid 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­((trifluoromethane)-sulfonyl)­imide ([C5mim]­[NTf2]) containing N235. At ionic strength ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 mol·kg–1 and temperatures ranging from 293.15 to 318.15 K, the molalities of perrhenate in the aqueous phase were obtained at an extraction equilibrium. The standard extraction constants K 0 at diverse temperatures were gained by the Pitzer polynomial approximation method. Thermodynamic characters for the extraction procedure were calculated.