The aim of this study was to compare the change in haematological constituents values during the lactation phase of Sapera and Ettawa crossbred goats. Eight lactating Sapera and nine Ettawa crossbred goats were used in this study. Blood samples were taken aseptically through the jugular vein. The mean of corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) levels of lactating Ettawa crossbred goats were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of lactating Sapera crossbred goats. There was no significant difference in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), lymphocytes (L), and neutrophils (N) levels (P > 0.05). It was found that MCHC and MCH levels in lactating Ettawa crossbred are significantly higher (P < 0.05)than those of the lactating Sapera goats. It indicated that lactating Ettawa crossbred goats have more maintenance or even higher oxygen carrying capacity that enhances oxygen supply for metabolism than that of lactating Sapera goats. Oxygen supply played an important role in the process of milk synthesis.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengaji respons metafisis tulang femur distalis tikus ovariektomi yang mengonsumsi suplemen kalsitriol selama enam minggu. Lima belas tikus Wistar umur delapan minggu, secara acak dibagi tiga kelompok (normal/N, ovariektomi/Ov, dan ovariektomi + kalsitriol/OvD) masing-masing 5 tikus. Tikus kelompok N dan Ov diberi pakan standar, sedangkan tikus kelompok OvD diberi pakan standar + kalsitriol. Pada umur 14 minggu, tikus dimasukkan kandang metabolik individu untuk studi balan. Pada hari 4-7 studi balan, setiap hari sisa pakan, urin, dan feses dikoleksi untuk pemeriksaan Ca. Pada akhir penelitian, tikus dieutanasia, tulang femur kanan diambil pemeriksaan histopatologis dengan pengecatan hematoksilin dan eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi Ca dan retensi Ca pada tikus OvD tidak berbeda signifikan meskipun cenderung meningkat, sedangkan ekskresi Ca dalam feses dan urin meningkat sangat signifikan (P<0,01). Metafisis tulang femur distalis tikus kelompok OvD terlihat zona spikulum tulang trabekula lebih pendek dan berbentuk irreguler, dan rongga sumsum tulang didominasi jaringan adiposit. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi kalsitriol selama enam minggu pada tikus ovariektomi menyebabkan osteoporosis pada metafisis tulang femur distalis.

Background: Hospitals can prevent errors in medical actions or pharmaceutical services to patients called medication errors. One of the incidences of medication errors that are still high in Indonesia is the prescribing phase. So, currently, many hospitals have replaced manual prescription writing with electronic prescribing systems, including at Dr. Hospital. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). However, prescribing errors are still often found, especially in pediatric patients’ prescriptions. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of electronic prescribing and measure the results of personnel interventions on electronic prescribing in pediatric patients. Methods: Experimental with a quasi-experimental design, the one group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020 in pediatrics. The research subjects were 100 doctors participating in the Specialist Medical Education Program (PPDS). Training subjects carried out the intervention to write electronic prescriptions and provide feedback in the form of personal letters. Reassessment of the incidence of prescribing errors was carried out after four weeks. Results: The incidence of prescribing errors decreased after the intervention. (p = 0.05). The most types of prescription errors are the wrong dosage, strength, frequency. Prescribing errors in perinatology ward, pediatric inpatient ward and polyclinics decreased after intervention, while prescribing errors in the emergency room remained. There is a significant relationship between the provision of intervention with the level of education (p = 0.001). PPDS mid-level doctors make more prescribing errors in almost all types of errors and workplaces than junior and senior PPDS doctors. The results of the calculation of prescribing error pre and post intervention shows that giving an intervention can reduce the risk of prescription errors by up to 37%. Conclusion: Personnel intervention in education and providing feedback plays a role in reducing the incidence of prescribing errors. Education and providing feedback should be done regularly. In addition, it is necessary to add an electronic prescription support system to support the reduction of prescribing errors.