Nephrectomy is a major operation requiring skilled and experienced hands to perform. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This astudy was performed to identify major culprit factors, which demands nephrectomy, at all. And to identify association between renal stone and squamous cell carcinoma, if any. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 78 cases of nephrectomy were collected over a two year study period. All cases were examined for their gross pathology and histopathogical examination was done using H& E staining. CONCLUSION: We found chronic pyelonephritis to be the most common lesion, followed byrenal cell carcinoma and pyonephrosis next in frequency. A statistically significant association was found between renal stone and squamous cell carcinoma of kidney (p=0.1814).

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