Objectives: Ultrasonography is a radiologic technique in which deep structures of the body are visualized by recording the reflections (echoes) of ultrasonic waves directed into the tissues. For many years, Ultrasonography has played a major role as a diagnostic tool in various medical fields. Only recently has it been used for maxillofacial imaging. It has still not found its place as a routine diagnostic aid in this field. The objectives of this study are  To assess the role and efficacy of Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of swellings of head & neck region  To establish the efficacy of Ultrasonography as a first line diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of swellings of orofacial regions  To assess whether USG can differentiate between inflammatory swellings, benign and malignant neoplasms and cystic swellings Methods: 30 patients with swellings present in the Head & Neck region which includes enlargement of salivary glands, occult lymph node growths, odontogenic fascial space infections, cystic swellings, inflammatory swellings and neoplastic swellings.The patients were selected randomly irrespective of the age, sex, caste, creed and socioeconomic status. All the patients were informed regarding the radiographic and experimental procedures and informed consent was obtained before these procedures. Results: The total 30 subjects were examined clinically to derive at a clinical diagnosis and they were divided into 4 groups based on the type of swelling, consisting of 8 subjects each. The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of head and neck swellings.The histopathological diagnosis obtained after definitive treatment procedures or FNAC/ Biopsy sample studies was considered the Final diagnosis against which the efficacy was measured of clinical diagnosis, USG diagnosis. This value was found to be maximum in case of Ultrasonography. Interpretation & conclusion: The results obtained were used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and significance of USG diagnosis for being efficacious diagnostic tool for head and neck swellings.

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